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  2. Sodium oxalate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_oxalate

    It is the sodium salt of oxalic acid. It contains sodium cations Na + and oxalate anions C 2 O 2− 4. It is a white, crystalline, odorless solid, that decomposes above 290 °C. [2] Sodium oxalate can act as a reducing agent, and it may be used as a primary standard for standardizing potassium permanganate (KMnO 4) solutions.

  3. Sodium hydrogenoxalate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydrogenoxalate

    Sodium hydrogenoxalate or sodium hydrogen oxalate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NaHC 2 O 4.It is an ionic compound.It is a sodium salt of oxalic acid H 2 C 2 O 4.It is an acidic salt, because it consists of sodium cations Na + and hydrogen oxalate anions HC 2 O − 4 or HO−C(=O)−CO − 2, in which only one acidic hydrogen atom in oxalic acid is replaced by sodium atom.

  4. Primary standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_standard

    A primary standard in metrology is a standard that is sufficiently accurate such that it is not calibrated by or subordinate to other standards. Primary standards are defined via other quantities like length, mass and time. Primary standards are used to calibrate other standards referred to as working standards. [1] [2] See Hierarchy of Standards.

  5. Oxalate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalate

    Oxalate (systematic IUPAC name: ethanedioate) is an anion with the chemical formula C 2 O 2− 4.This dianion is colorless. It occurs naturally, including in some foods. It forms a variety of salts, for example sodium oxalate (Na 2 C 2 O 4), and several esters such as dimethyl oxalate ((CH 3) 2 C 2 O 4).

  6. Homogenization (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogenization_(chemistry)

    It is normally preceded by "standardization" (the mixing of milk from several different herds or dairies to produce a more consistent raw milk prior to processing). [7] The fat in milk normally separates from the water and collects at the top. Homogenization breaks the fat into smaller sizes so it no longer separates, allowing the sale of non ...

  7. Titration curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titration_curve

    A typical titration curve of a diprotic acid, oxalic acid, titrated with a strong base, sodium hydroxide.Both equivalence points are visible. Titrations are often recorded on graphs called titration curves, which generally contain the volume of the titrant as the independent variable and the pH of the solution as the dependent variable (because it changes depending on the composition of the ...

  8. Hydrogenoxalate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogenoxalate

    Hydrogenoxalate or hydrogen oxalate (IUPAC name: 2-Hydroxy-2-oxoacetate) is an anion with chemical formula HC 2 O − 4 or HO−C(=O)−CO − 2, derived from oxalic acid by the loss of a single proton; or, alternatively, from the oxalate anion C 2 O 2− 4 by addition of a proton. The name is also used for any salt containing this anion.

  9. Oxalate degrading enzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalate_degrading_enzyme

    Oxalate oxidase (Enzyme Commission number EC 1.2.3.4 [2] )occurs mainly in plants. It can degrade oxalic acid into carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide. [3]Oxalate decarboxylase (OXDC,EC 4.1.1.2) is a kind of oxalate degrading enzyme containing Mn 2+, [4] found mainly in fungi or some bacteria.