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It uses a form of routing that sends a packet to a proxy system before transmission to the intended destination. Triangular routing is a problem in mobile IP; however, it finds applications in other networking situations, for instance to avoid problems associated with network address translation (NAT), implemented for example by Skype.
To illustrate the operation of MIH, let us take an example of a real-time gaming application, using DiffServ at the IP layer, being handed over from Mobile-Fi to WiMAX. The application is currently using the Assured Forwarding Class 1, AF1, DiffServ service, and the Class 2 Real-Time Interactive Mobile-Fi service.
Although there are many types of routing protocols, three major classes are in widespread use on IP networks: Interior gateway protocols type 1, link-state routing protocols, such as OSPF and IS-IS; Interior gateway protocols type 2, distance-vector routing protocols, such as Routing Information Protocol, RIPv2, IGRP.
The care-of address of a mobile device is the network-native IP address of the device when operating in a foreign network. Home agent A home agent is a router on a mobile node’s home network which tunnels datagrams for delivery to the mobile node when it is away from home. It maintains current location (IP address) information for the mobile ...
Packet switching is used in the Internet and most local area networks. The Internet is implemented by the Internet Protocol Suite using a variety of link layer technologies. For example, Ethernet and Frame Relay are common. Newer mobile phone technologies (e.g., GSM, LTE) also use packet switching. Packet switching is associated with ...
The Optimized Link State Routing Protocol (OLSR) [1] is an IP routing protocol optimized for mobile ad hoc networks, which can also be used on other wireless ad hoc networks. OLSR is a proactive link-state routing protocol , which uses hello and topology control (TC) messages to discover and then disseminate link state information throughout ...
An IP network to which a mobile set can be connected; A set of settings that are used for that connection; A particular option in a set of settings in a mobile phone; When a GPRS mobile phone sets up a PDP context, the access point is selected. At this point an Access Point Name (APN) is determined Example: aricenttechnologies.mnc012.mcc345.gprs
IP fragmentation is a method for addressing this. An incoming long packet is broken up into a sequence of shorter packets and enough information is added to reassemble that long frame at the far end. FRF.12 is a specification from the Frame Relay Forum which specifies how to perform fragmentation on frame relay traffic primarily for voice traffic.