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Rolling circle replication produces multiple copies of a single circular template. Rolling circle replication (RCR) is a process of unidirectional nucleic acid replication that can rapidly synthesize multiple copies of circular molecules of DNA or RNA, such as plasmids, the genomes of bacteriophages, and the circular RNA genome of viroids.
The circular fragments are copied by rolling circle replication resulting in many single-stranded copies of each fragment. The DNA copies concatenate head to tail in a long strand, and are compacted into a DNA nanoball. The nanoballs are then adsorbed onto a sequencing flow cell.
Replication of the DNA separating the opposing replication forks leaves the completed chromosomes joined as ‘catenanes’ or topologically interlinked circles. The circles are not covalently but mechanically linked, because they are interwound and each is covalently closed.
Rolling circle replication. When conjugation is initiated by a signal the relaxase enzyme creates a nick in one of the strands of the conjugative plasmid at the oriT. Relaxase may work alone or in a complex of over a dozen proteins known collectively as a relaxosome. In the F-plasmid system the relaxase enzyme is called TraI and the relaxosome ...
Circular plasmids have been isolated and found in many different plants, with those in Vicia faba and Chenopodium album being the most studied and whose mechanism of replication is known. The circular plasmids can replicate using the θ model of replication (as in Vicia faba) and through rolling circle replication (as in C.album). [64]
They are the eukaryotic rolling-circle transposable elements which are hypothesized to transpose by a rolling circle replication mechanism via a single-stranded DNA intermediate. [1] They were first discovered in plants ( Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa ) and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , and now they have been identified in a ...
The temporal order of replication of all the segments in the genome, called its replication-timing program, can now be easily measured in two different ways. [1] One way simply measures the amount of the different DNA sequences along the length of the chromosome per cell.
D-loop replication is a proposed process by which circular DNA like chloroplasts and mitochondria replicate their genetic material. An important component of understanding D-loop replication is that many chloroplasts and mitochondria have a single circular chromosome like bacteria instead of the linear chromosomes found in eukaryotes .