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  2. Barter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barter

    The transaction is transformative. A barter transaction "moves objects between the regimes of value", meaning that a good or service that is being traded may take up a new meaning or value under its recipient than that of its original owner. [13] There is no criterion of value. There is no real way to value each side of the trade.

  3. Coincidence of wants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coincidence_of_wants

    Besides barter, other kinds of in-kind transactions also suffer from the coincidence of wants problem in the absence of a medium of exchange. Romance, for example often relies on a double coincidence of wants. If Max likes Mallory but Mallory does not like Max, then the two cannot meaningfully exchange the benefits of romance.

  4. Non-monetary economy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-monetary_economy

    Organizations that administer time banks, barter networks, or currencies may register for tax-exempt status under section 501(c)(3) as non-profit organizations working to benefit the community. [33] The IRS has recognized some time banks as tax exempt; it is harder to obtain exemptions for a barter network or local currency, as they are harder ...

  5. Countertrade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countertrade

    Countertrade also occurs when countries lack sufficient hard currency, or when other types of market trade are impossible.. In 2000, India and Iraq agreed on an "oil for wheat and rice" barter deal, subject to United Nations approval under Article 50 of the UN Persian Gulf War sanctions, that would facilitate 300,000 barrels of oil delivered daily to India at a price of $6.85 a barrel while ...

  6. Medium of exchange - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_of_exchange

    In a barter transaction, one valuable good is exchanged for another of approximately equivalent value. William Stanley Jevons described how a widely accepted medium allows each barter exchange to be split into three difficulties of barter. [19] A medium of exchange is deemed to eliminate the need for a coincidence of wants.

  7. Trade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade

    Traders generally negotiate through a medium of credit or exchange, such as money. Though some economists characterize barter (i.e. trading things without the use of money [1]) as an early form of trade, money was invented before written history began. Consequently, any story of how money first developed is mostly based on conjecture and ...

  8. Market (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_(economics)

    Transactions can occur in black markets (such as for marijuana) or be artificially protected (such as for patents). They can cover the sale of public goods under privatization schemes to co-operative exchanges and occur under varying degrees of monopoly power and state regulation .

  9. Trade exchange - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_exchange

    Typically the lead business will run the exchange, performing a brokering services and providing (or renting) an online marketplace for members to meet their reciprocal needs and register their transactions. Also known as business barter. Thousands of trade exchanges exist, some independent and some belonging to regional or global networks.