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Refining is used primarily in the petroleum industry, whereby crude oil is heated and separated into stages according to the condensation points of the various elements. Distillation, widely used in petroleum refining and in purification of ethanol separates volatile liquids on the basis of their relative volatilities. There are several type of ...
Medical iodophor (Chinese povidone-iodine solution) An iodophor is a preparation containing iodine complexed with a solubilizing agent, such as a surfactant or water-soluble polymers such as povidone (forming povidone-iodine), [1] [2] The result is a water-soluble material that releases free iodine when in solution.
Oil filtration systems generally use a multistage filtration with coarse and fine filters. [2] Centrifugation is separation of oil and water, or oil and solid particles by centrifugal forces. Vacuum treatment degasses and dehydrates industrial oil. This method is well suited for removing dispersed and dissolved water, as well as dissolved gases ...
Isopropyl iodide is prepared by iodination of isopropyl alcohol using hydrogen iodide or, equivalently, with a mixture of glycerol, iodine, and phosphorus. [2] An alternative preparation involves the reaction of 2-propyl bromide with an acetone solution of sodium iodide (Finkelstein reaction): [3] (CH 3) 2 CHBr + NaI → (CH 3) 2 CHI + NaBr
The reaction of molybdenum dioxide with the transporting agent iodine is an exothermic process, thus the MoO 2 migrates from the cooler end (700 °C) to the hotter end (900 °C): MoO 2 + I 2 ⇌ MoO 2 I 2 ΔH rxn < 0 (exothermic) Using 10 milligrams of iodine for 4 grams of the solid, the process requires several days.
Iodine trichloride, which exists in the solid state as the planar dimer I 2 Cl 6, is a bright yellow solid, synthesised by reacting iodine with liquid chlorine at −80 °C; caution is necessary during purification because it easily dissociates to iodine monochloride and chlorine and hence can act as a strong chlorinating agent.
This application exploits the X-ray absorbing ability of the heavy iodine nucleus. A variety of agents are available commercially, many are derivatives of 1,3,5-triiodobenzene and contain about 50% by weight iodine. For most applications, the agent must be highly soluble in water and, of course, non-toxic and readily excreted.
Recrystallization is a method used to purify chemicals by dissolving a mixture of a compound and its impurities, in an appropriate solvent, prior to heating the solution. [1]