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The Civil Engineering Standard Method of Measurement (commonly known as CESMM3) sets out a procedure for the preparation of a bill of quantities for civil engineering works, for pricing and for expression and measurement of quantities of work.
Quantity is a property that can exist as a magnitude or multitude. For example 1200 mm or 10 each. Quantity surveyor (QS) is a professional working within the construction industry concerned with building costs, in the U.K. and some other areas. A QS employs standard methods of measurement to develop a bill of quantities.
Quantity surveying is a profession that deals with the costs and contracts of construction projects. A quantity surveyor is an expert in estimating the costs of materials, labor, and time needed for a project, as well as managing the financial and legal aspects of the project. A quantity surveyor can work for either the client or the contractor ...
With BIM quantity take-off can be conducted almost automatically given that the type of materials, their quantity and price is included in the model. [2] It is known that construction projects often run overtime and over budget and one of the reasons is lack of accuracy in quantity takeoff and estimates. [3] [2]
Instruments used in surveying include: Alidade; Alidade table; Cosmolabe; Dioptra; Dumpy level; Engineer's chain; Geodimeter; Graphometer; Groma (surveying) Laser scanning; Level; Level staff; Measuring tape; Plane table; Pole (surveying) Prism (surveying) (corner cube retroreflector) Prismatic compass (angle measurement) Ramsden surveying ...
Its seventh edition (SMM7) was first published in 1988 and revised in 1998. SMM7 was replaced by the New Rules of Measurement, volume 2 (NRM2), which were published in April 2012 by the RICS Quantity Surveying and Construction Professional Group and became operational on 1 January 2013. [60] NRM2 has been in general use since July 2013.
A typical total station can measure distances up to 1,500 meters (4,900 ft) with an accuracy of about 1.5 millimeters (0.059 in) ± 2 parts per million. [4] Reflectorless total stations can measure distances to any object that is reasonably light in color, up to a few hundred meters.
A physical quantity (or simply quantity) [24] [a] is a property of a material or system that can be quantified by measurement. A physical quantity can be expressed as a value, which is the algebraic multiplication of a numerical value and a unit of measurement.