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Spastic cerebral palsy affects the motor cortex [110] of the brain, a specific portion of the cerebral cortex responsible for the planning and completion of voluntary movement. [111] Spastic CP is the most common type of overall cerebral palsy, representing about 80% of cases. [112] Botulinum toxin is effective in decreasing spasticity. [10]
Spastic CP is the most common type of overall cerebral palsy, representing roughly 80% of cases. [2] Spastic CP is a permanent condition and will affect an individual across the lifespan. [5] The brain injury that causes spastic CP remains stable over time, but the way spasticity affects a person can change. [1]
As there are many features of the upper motor neuron syndrome, there are likely to be multiple other changes in affected musculature and surrounding bones, such as progressive malalignments of bone structure around the spastic muscles (leading for example to the scissor gait and tip-toeing gait due to ankle equinus or ankle planter flexion ...
Steppage gait (high stepping, neuropathic gait) is a form of gait abnormality characterised by foot drop or ankle equinus due to loss of dorsiflexion. [1] The foot hangs with the toes pointing down, causing the toes to scrape the ground while walking, requiring someone to lift the leg higher than normal when walking.
Typically, people that have spastic hemiplegia are the most ambulatory, although they generally have dynamic equinus on the affected side and are primarily prescribed ankle-foot orthoses to prevent said equinus.[11] Spastic diplegia (the lower extremities are affected with little to no upper-body spasticity).
Individuals with this condition typically show severe intellectual disability, motor delays, severe speech delay and difficulties, infancy-onset hypotonia affecting the trunk, progressive hypertonia affecting the distal limbs, severe progressive microcephaly, autistic-like symptoms, aggressive behavior towards others and/or oneself, sleep abnormalities, and mild facial dysmorphisms such as a ...
In medicine, the adjective spastic refers to an alteration in muscle tone affected by the medical condition spasticity, which is a well-known symptomatic phenomenon seen in patients with a wide range of central neurological disorders, including spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy (for example, spastic diplegia), stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), [1] as ...
Spastic hypertonia involves uncontrollable muscle spasms, stiffening or straightening out of muscles, shock-like contractions of all or part of a group of muscles, and abnormal muscle tone. It is seen in disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Rigidity is a severe state of hypertonia where muscle resistance occurs ...