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Allocative efficiency is a state of the economy in which production is aligned with the preferences of consumers and producers; in particular, the set of outputs is chosen so as to maximize the social welfare of society. [1] This is achieved if every produced good or service has a marginal benefit equal to the marginal cost of production.
Allocative or Pareto efficiency: any changes made to assist one person would harm another. Productive efficiency : no additional output of one good can be obtained without decreasing the output of another good, and production proceeds at the lowest possible average total cost .
Inefficiency is the absence of efficiency. Kinds of inefficiency include: Kinds of inefficiency include: Allocative inefficiency refers to a situation in which the distribution of resources between alternatives does not fit with consumer taste (perceptions of costs and benefits).
It involves only risk-free transactions and the information used for trading is obtained at no cost. Therefore, the profit opportunities are not fully exploited, and it can be said that arbitrage is a result of market inefficiency. This reflects the semi-strong efficiency model. 2. Fundamental valuation efficiency
Allocative efficiency takes into account the preferences of the consumers and the efficient allocation of resources. Graphically this point is reached when price is equal to marginal cost. At this point there is no deadweight loss, and the social surplus (consumer surplus + producer surplus) is maximized.
In addition to the context of efficiency in allocation, the concept of Pareto efficiency also arises in the context of efficiency in production vs. x-inefficiency: a set of outputs of goods is Pareto-efficient if there is no feasible re-allocation of productive inputs such that output of one product increases while the outputs of all other ...
X-inefficiency is a concept used in economics to describe instances where firms go through internal inefficiency resulting in higher production costs than required for a given output. This inefficiency can result from various factors, such as outdated technology, inefficient production processes, poor management, and lack of competition, and it ...
Harvey Leibenstein (1922 – February 28, 1994) was a Ukrainian-born American economist.One of his most important contributions to economics was the concept of X-inefficiency and the critical minimum effort thesis in development economics.