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The effects of early-life exposures to anesthesia on the brain in humans are controversial. Evidence from nonhuman primate research suggests significant developmental neurotoxicity and long-term social impairment, with a dose–response relationship where repeated exposures cause a more severe impact than single ones.
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) or sometimes necrotizing encephalitis or infection-induced acute encephalopathy (IIAE) is a rare type of brain disease (encephalopathy) that occurs following a viral infection. [4] Most commonly, it develops secondary to infection with influenza A, influenza B, and the human herpes virus 6. ANE can be ...
Rasmussen syndrome or Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare inflammatory neurological disease, characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis (weakness on one side of the body), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), and dementia.
Encephalitis with meningitis is known as meningoencephalitis, while encephalitis with involvement of the spinal cord is known as encephalomyelitis. [ 2 ] The word is from Ancient Greek ἐγκέφαλος , enképhalos 'brain', [ 37 ] composed of ἐν , en , 'in' and κεφαλή , kephalé , 'head', and the medical suffix -itis 'inflammation'.
Prevention is typically by avoiding the use of aspirin in children. [1] When aspirin was withdrawn for use in children in the US and UK in the 1980s, a decrease of more than 90% in rates of Reye syndrome was observed. [2] Early diagnosis of the syndrome improves outcomes. [1] Treatment is supportive; [1] mannitol may be used to help with the ...
Acyclovir significant decreases morbidity and mortality of HSV encephalitis and limits the long-term behavioral and cognitive impairments that occur with illness. As such, and because HSV is the most common cause of viral encephalitis, acyclovir is often administered as soon as possible to all patients suspected of having viral encephalitis ...
Early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (acquired or congenital abnormal cortical development). Early myoclonic epileptic encephalopathy (possibly due to metabolic disorders). Gluten encephalopathy: Focal abnormalities of the white matter (generally area of low perfusion) are appreciated through magnetic resonance. Migraine is the most common ...
Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a type of encephalitis, and one of the most common causes of noninfectious encephalitis. It can be triggered by tumors , infections , or it may be cryptogenic . The neurological manifestations can be either acute or subacute and usually develop within six weeks.