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Cement chemist notation (CCN) was developed to simplify the formulas cement chemists use on a daily basis. It is a shorthand way of writing the chemical formula of oxides of calcium , silicon , and various metals .
Alite is an impure form of tricalcium silicate, Ca 3 SiO 5, sometimes formulated as 3CaO·SiO 2 (C 3 S in cement chemist notation), typically with 3-4% of substituent oxides. [1] It is the major, and characteristic, phase in Portland cement.
Calcium silicate hydrate (also shown as C-S-H) is a result of the reaction between the silicate phases of Portland cement and water. This reaction typically is expressed as: 2 Ca 3 SiO 5 + 7 H 2 O → 3 CaO · 2 SiO 2 · 4 H 2 O + 3 Ca(OH) 2 + 173.6 kJ. also written in cement chemist notation, (CCN) as: 2 C 3 S + 7 H → C 3 S 2 H 4 + 3 CH + heat
Belite is the mineral in Portland cement responsible for development of "late" strength. The other silicate, alite contributes "early" strength, due to its higher reactivity. Belite reacts with water (roughly) to form calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) and portlandite (Ca(OH) 2 ) according to the reaction:
Hatrurite, a phase in cement clinker (alite, C3S), was first described in 1977, for instance. [14] Some mineral names were revised; this changed their first letters. Sodium-pharmacosiderite is now natropharmacosiderite, natroapophyllite is now fluorapophyllite-(Na), for instance.
Cement clinker is a solid material produced in the manufacture of portland cement as an intermediary product. Clinker occurs as lumps or nodules, usually 3 millimetres (0.12 in) to 25 millimetres (0.98 in) in diameter.
A cement board is a combination of cement and reinforcing fibers formed into sheets, of varying thickness that are typically used as a tile backing board. [1] Cement board can be nailed or screwed to wood or steel studs to create a substrate for vertical tile and attached horizontally to plywood for tile floors, kitchen counters and backsplashes.
Portland cement clinker was first made (in 1825) in a modified form of the traditional static lime kiln. [2] [3] [4] The basic, egg-cup shaped lime kiln was provided with a conical or beehive shaped extension to increase draught and thus obtain the higher temperature needed to make cement clinker.