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About two thirds of dogs that have a tumor on the spleen have a malignant form of cancer, and about two thirds of them are hemangiosarcoma (1). These tumors are more commonly found in Labradors ...
Dogs with hemangiosarcoma rarely show clinical signs until the tumor has become very large and has metastasized. Typically, clinical signs are due to hypovolemia after the tumor ruptures, causing extensive bleeding. Owners of the affected dogs often discover that the dog has hemangiosarcoma only after the dog collapses.
Gastrointestinal and splenic involvement is more common in cats than in dogs; 50 percent of cases in dogs primarily involved the spleen or intestines. [25] Gastrointestinal mast cell tumors are most commonly found in the muscularis layer of the small intestine, but can also be found in the large intestine. [26]
Since 2009, two tyrosine kinase inhibitors - masitinib (trade name Masivet) and toceranib (trade name Palladia) - have been approved for the treatment of mastocytomas in dogs in the EU. [17] [37] [38] Masitinib is approved for the treatment of unresectable grade 2 and 3 (or high-grade) mastocytomas with c-KIT mutation.
Current cure rates using stem cell therapy in dogs approximates that achieved in humans, 40-50%. When cost is a factor, prednisone used alone can improve the symptoms dramatically, but it does not significantly affect the survival rate. The average survival times of dogs treated with prednisone and untreated dogs are both one to two months. [1]
When King arrived, he was dealing with a 7-pound tumor on his face, a mass that equaled 10 percent of his body weight and caused the dog's head to hang low and close to the ground.
Regardless of how treatment proceeds following a diagnosis, the quality of life of the pet is an important consideration. In cases where the cancer is not curable, there are still many things which can be done to alleviate the dog's pain. Good nutrition and care from the dog's owner can greatly enhance quality of life. [3]
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