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SAF-T (Standard Audit File for Tax) is an international standard for electronic exchange of reliable accounting data from organizations to a national tax authority or external auditors. The standard is defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan (Urdu: ادارہَ محاسبانِ منشوری ، پاکستان, ICAP) is a professional accountancy body in Pakistan. It has over 10,096 members working locally and globally. [1] [2] It was established on July 1, 1961 to regulate the profession of accountancy and audit in Pakistan. It is ...
The Federal Board of Revenue (FBR) (Urdu: وفاقی بورڈ محصولات), formerly known as Central Board of Revenue (CBR), is a federal law enforcement agency of Pakistan that investigates tax crimes, suspicious accumulation of wealth, money-laundering make regulation of collection of tax. FBR operates through Inspectors-IR that keep tax ...
The Controller General of Accounts (CGA) (Urdu: حسابدارِ اعلٰی حسابات پاکستان) is the premier accounting office of the Government of Pakistan. The Office is entrusted with the task of producing accurate and timely financial statements for the federation. It was formed under an ordinance issued in 2001.
The audit working paper are divided into two parts: The first group consists of the current file and second group contains the permanent file. The material relating to the current year only is placed in current file; The data to be used for a number of years placed in permanent file.
An information technology audit, or information systems audit, is an examination of the management controls within an Information technology (IT) infrastructure. The evaluation of obtained evidence determines if the information systems are safeguarding assets, maintaining data integrity , and operating effectively to achieve the organization's ...
An auditor's report is a formal opinion, or disclaimer thereof, issued by either an internal auditor or an independent external auditor as a result of an internal or external audit, as an assurance service in order for the user to make decisions based on the results of the audit.
Accounting, also known as accountancy, is the process of recording and processing information about economic entities, such as businesses and corporations. [1] [2] Accounting measures the results of an organization's economic activities and conveys this information to a variety of stakeholders, including investors, creditors, management, and regulators. [3]