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Thiocyanate [6] is known to be an important part in the biosynthesis of hypothiocyanite by a lactoperoxidase. [7] [8] [9] Thus the complete absence of thiocyanate or reduced thiocyanate [10] in the human body, (e.g., cystic fibrosis) is damaging to the human host defense system.
Organic thiocyanates are hydrolyzed to thiocarbamates in the Riemschneider thiocarbamate synthesis. Electrochemical reduction typically converts thiocyanates to thioates and cyanide, although sometimes it can replace the thiocyanate group as a whole with hydride. [8] Some thiocyanates isomerize to the isothiocyanates.
Addition of a thiocyanate salt to a solution containing ferric ions gives a deep red color. The identity of the chromophore remains unknown. [15] The reverse was also used: testing for the presence of thiocyanate by the addition of ferric salts. The 1:1 complex of thiocyanate and iron is deeply red. The effect was first reported in 1826. [16]
The first synthesis of mercury thiocyanate was probably completed in 1821 by Jöns Jacob Berzelius: HgO + 2 HSCN → Hg(SCN) 2 + H 2 O. Evidence for the first pure sample was presented in 1866 prepared by a chemist named Otto Hermes. [2] It is prepared by treating solutions containing mercury(II) and thiocyanate ions.
The Letts nitrile synthesis is a chemical reaction of aromatic carboxylic acids with metal thiocyanates to form nitriles. The reaction includes the loss of carbon dioxide and potassium hydrosulfide. The polar basic substitution reaction was discovered in 1872 by Edmund A. Letts. [1] [2] The Letts nitrile synthesis
Sodium thiocyanate (sometimes called sodium sulphocyanide) is the chemical compound with the formula NaSCN. This colorless deliquescent salt is one of the main sources of the thiocyanate anion . As such, it is used as a precursor for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other specialty chemicals . [ 2 ]
A thiocyanate hydrolase (EC 3.5.5.8) is an enzyme belonging to the family of hydrolases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is thiocyanate aminohydrolase. This enzyme catalyzes the chemical reaction: SCN − + 2 H 2 O + H + ⇌ SCO + NH 3. The mechanism is proposed to involve a metal thiocyanate complex.
Thiocyanogen synthesis begins when aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and sodium thiocyanate, combined, precipitate plumbous thiocyanate. Treating an anhydrous Pb(SCN) 2 suspension in glacial acetic acid with bromine then affords a 0.1M solution of thiocyanogen that is stable for days. [ 8 ]