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An epikleros (ἐπίκληρος; pl.: epikleroi) was an heiress in ancient Athens and other ancient Greek city states, specifically a daughter of a man who had no sons. In Sparta, they were called patrouchoi (πατροῦχοι), as they were in Gortyn.
Similar to other places in ancient Greece, in Sparta far more is known about the elites than the lower classes, and ancient sources do not discuss gender in relation to the non-citizens who lived in Sparta. [3] Various groups of free non-Spartiates lived in Sparta, as did helots and, at least later in Spartan history, personal slaves.
Matriarchy is a social system in which positions of dominance without violence and privilege are held by women. In a broader sense it can also extend to moral authority, social privilege, and control of property. While those definitions apply in general English, definitions specific to anthropology and feminism differ in some respects. [1] [2]
At a dark moment for feminism, creators keep dreaming up societies where women rule. But these visions aren't utopian.
The Spartans is a three-part historical documentary series presented by Bettany Hughes and first broadcast on UK's Channel 4 on 17 November 2002. [1] The series subsequently premiered on ABC in Australia on 1 June 2003 [2] and on PBS in the United States on 6 August 2003.
480 BCE [64] – Greek diver Hydna and her father sabotaged enemy ships before a critical battle, thus causing the Greeks to win. [65] 460–425 BCE [66] – Greek historian Herodotus [67] described Scythian Amazons. [68] Herodotus' in The Histories [69] recorded that queen Tomyris of the Massagetae fought and defeated Cyrus the Great. [70]
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A matriarchal religion is a religion that emphasizes a goddess or multiple goddesses as central figures of worship and spiritual authority. The term is most often used to refer to theories of prehistoric matriarchal religions that were proposed by scholars such as Johann Jakob Bachofen , Jane Ellen Harrison , and Marija Gimbutas , and later ...