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ORF1ab (also ORF1a/b) refers collectively to two open reading frames (ORFs), ORF1a and ORF1b, that are conserved in the genomes of nidoviruses, a group of viruses that includes coronaviruses. The genes express large polyproteins that undergo proteolysis to form several nonstructural proteins with various functions in the viral life cycle ...
The nidoviral papain-like protease (PLPro or PLP) is a papain-like protease protein domain encoded in the genomes of nidoviruses.It is expressed as part of a large polyprotein from the ORF1a gene and has cysteine protease enzymatic activity responsible for proteolytic cleavage of some of the N-terminal viral nonstructural proteins within the polyprotein.
Its gene is part of the ORF1ab reading frame and it is part of the pp1ab polyprotein; it is cleaved by 3CL pro. [1] Nsp12 is a multi-domain subunit: it consists of an N-terminal nidovirus-specific extension (NiRAN) domain, an interface domain, and a C-terminal RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase domain.
An interaction with orf1ab polyprotein of the human coronavirus strain HKU1(HCov-HKU1) was shown in physical association with ISLR through the two hybrid pooling approach, where ISLR is indicated as "prey" and the orf1ab polyprotein is indicated as "bait". [76]
The overall structure of β-CoV genome is similar to that of other CoVs, with an ORF1ab replicase polyprotein (rep, pp1ab) preceding other elements. This polyprotein is cleaved into 16 nonstructural proteins (see UniProt annotation of SARS rep , P0C6X7 ).
The larger polyprotein pp1ab is a result of a -1 ribosomal frameshift caused by a slippery sequence (UUUAAAC) and a downstream RNA pseudoknot at the end of open reading frame ORF1a. [60] The ribosomal frameshift allows for the continuous translation of ORF1a followed by ORF1b.
Replicase polyprotein 1ab protein is in the human Sars coronavirus. Rep is involved in the transcription and replication of viral RNAs. [23] An alternative name is the ORF1ab polyprotein. It contains the polyprotein cleavage proteinases. The optimum pH for the proteinase activity is 7.0.
Cleavage of (Glu/Gln)-(Gly/Ser/Ala) in arterivirus replicase translation products ORF1a and ORF1ab. In the equine arterivirus (EAV), the replicase gene is translated into open reading frame 1a (ORF1a) and ORF1ab [polyprotein]s.