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Exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMC) are defined as cramping (painful muscle spasms) during or immediately following exercise. [1] [2] [3] Muscle cramps during exercise are very common, even in elite athletes. EAMC are a common condition that occurs during or after exercise, often during endurance events such as a triathlon or marathon.
Skeletal muscle cramps may be caused by muscle fatigue or a lack of electrolytes [citation needed] such as sodium (a condition called hyponatremia), potassium (called hypokalemia), or magnesium (called hypomagnesemia [8]). Some skeletal muscle cramps do not have a known cause. [6]
Electrolyte imbalance, or water-electrolyte imbalance, is an abnormality in the concentration of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis in the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological function, fluid balance , oxygen delivery , acid–base balance and much more.
Hyperphosphatemia is an electrolyte disorder in which there is an elevated level of phosphate in the blood. [1] Most people have no symptoms while others develop calcium deposits in the soft tissue. [1] The disorder is often accompanied by low calcium blood levels, which can result in muscle spasms. [1]
The thinking is that the fluid overload can help mitigate the negative effects of dehydration on performance—including fatigue, cramps, a higher heart rate, and more—which can start as soon as ...
Heat cramps, a type of heat illness, are muscle spasms that result from loss of large amount of salt and water through exercise. Heat cramps are associated with cramping in the abdomen, arms and calves. This can be caused by inadequate consumption of fluids or electrolytes. [1]