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Approximately 20% of amphetamine circulating in the bloodstream is bound to plasma proteins. [11] Following absorption, amphetamine readily distributes into most tissues in the body, with high concentrations occurring in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue. [115] The half-lives of amphetamine enantiomers differ and vary with urine pH. [114]
Despite having a similar therapeutic mechanism of action as first-line medications containing amphetamine, the prescription of dextromethamphetamine for ADHD is rare due its relatively greater reinforcing potential, in addition to the comparable efficacy and presumably greater safety of methylphenidate and amphetamine. [20] [64] The body ...
Drugs in the class of amphetamines, or substituted amphetamines, are known to induce "amphetamine psychosis" typically when chronically abused or used in high doses. [8] In an Australian study of 309 active methamphetamine users, 18% had experienced a clinical level psychosis in the past year. [9]
Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine) – a pro-drug stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and binge eating disorder; Vyvanse is converted into Dexedrine in vivo; Viibryd – an antidepressant of the serotonin modulator and stimulators class; Vivactil (protriptyline) an antidepressant also used in the treatment of nerve pain
The Drug Enforcement Administration is increasing the production limit of Vyvanse and its generic equivalents by about 24% to address the ongoing global shortage of ADHD medications.
Lisdexamfetamine (Vyvanse, etc.) is an amphetamine-type medication, sold for use in treating ADHD. [159] Its effects typically last around 14 hours. [ 160 ] Lisdexamfetamine is inactive on its own and is metabolized into dextroamphetamine in the body. [ 60 ]
Most stimulants are amphetamine-based (Adderall, Vyvanse) or methylphenidate-based (Concerta, Ritalin), and come in immediate-release (short-acting) or extended-release (long-acting) formulations.
Drug companies, like Takeda, the maker of Vyvanse, have until 2028. Red No. 3 is present in about a quarter of baking decorations and one-tenth of cookies sold in the US, Bloomberg reported.