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An acid test is a qualitative chemical or metallurgical assay utilizing acid. Historically, it often involved the use of a robust acid to distinguish gold from base metals . Figuratively, the term represents any definitive test for attributes, such as gauging a person's character or evaluating a product's performance.
When an acid is dissolved in water, the pH will be less than 7, while a base, or alkali, will have a pH greater than 7. A strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, at concentration 1 mol dm −3 has a pH of 0, while a strong alkali like sodium hydroxide, at the same concentration, has a pH of 14. Since pH is a logarithmic scale, a difference of ...
In acid catalysis and base catalysis, a chemical reaction is catalyzed by an acid or a base. By Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory, the acid is the proton (hydrogen ion, H +) donor and the base is the proton acceptor. Typical reactions catalyzed by proton transfer are esterifications and aldol reactions.
The Schiff test detects aldehydes; Tollens' reagent tests for aldehydes (known as the silver mirror test) The Zeisel determination tests for the presence of esters or ethers; Lucas' reagent is used to distinguish between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. The bromine test is used to test for the presence of unsaturation and phenols.
In chemistry, a chemical test is qualitative or semi-quantitative procedure designed to prove the existence of a chemical compound or chemical group with the aid of a specific reagent. Subcategories This category has the following 3 subcategories, out of 3 total.
For example, acetic acid is a weak acid which has a = 1.75 x 10 −5. Its conjugate base is the acetate ion with K b = 10 −14 / K a = 5.7 x 10 −10 (from the relationship K a × K b = 10 −14 ), which certainly does not correspond to a strong base.
3 in solution represents 1 molar equivalent, while 1 mole of CO 2− 3 is 2 molar equivalents because twice as many H + ions would be necessary to balance the charge. The total charge of a solution always equals zero. [8] This leads to a parallel definition of alkalinity that is based upon the charge balance of ions in a solution.
Where HV is the hydroxyl value; V B is the amount (ml) potassium hydroxide solution required for the titration of the blank; V acet is the amount (ml) of potassium hydroxide solution required for the titration of the acetylated sample; W acet is the weight of the sample (in grams) used for acetylation; N is the normality of the titrant; 56.1 is ...