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Phylogenetically, there is disagreement about what languages should be considered within the Iberian Romance group; for example, some authors consider that East Iberian, also called Occitano-Romance, could be more closely related to languages of northern Italy (or also Franco-Provençal, the langues d'oïl and Rhaeto-Romance).
The Romance languages, also known as the Latin [2] or Neo-Latin [3] languages, are the languages that are directly descended from Vulgar Latin. [4] They are the only extant subgroup of the Italic branch of the Indo-European language family. The five most widely spoken Romance languages by number of native speakers are:
Iberian Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula include: [6] The West Iberian languages: The Castilian languages: includes Spanish and Judaeo-Spanish. The Galician-Portuguese languages: includes Portuguese, Galician and Fala. The Astur-Leonese languages: they are, from east to west, Cantabrian, central-eastern Asturian and Leonese proper.
Romance was the main language spoken by the population of Iberia when the Umayyads conquered Hispania in 711. [1]: 46 Under Muslim rule, Arabic became a superstrate prestige language and would remain the dominant vehicle of literature, high culture, and intellectual expression in Iberia for five centuries (8th–13th). [1]: 36
West Iberian is a branch of the Ibero-Romance languages that includes the Castilian languages (Spanish, Judaeo-Spanish), Astur-Leonese (Asturian, Leonese, Mirandese, Extremaduran (sometimes), Cantabrian), [1] [2] Navarro-Aragonese and the descendants of Galician-Portuguese.
The first features in Ibero-Romance arise in the 10th century as fragments appear from that time in Vulgar Latin varieties, identifable as Old Leonese and Navarro-Aragonese. [5] In the 10th or 11th century, glosses known as the " Glosas Emilianenses " were written, presumably by a monk at the monastery of San Millán de Suso (in La Rioja).
Afrikaans; Ænglisc; Aragonés; Asturianu; Беларуская; Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Bosanski; Català; Чӑвашла; Čeština; Dansk
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