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The Iberian Romance, Ibero-Romance [1] or sometimes Iberian languages [note 1] are a group of Romance languages that developed on the Iberian Peninsula, an area consisting primarily of Spain, Portugal, Gibraltar, Andorra and French Catalonia.
Pre-Roman languages of Iberia circa 300 BC. The following languages were spoken in the Iberian Peninsula before the Roman occupation and the spread of the Latin language. Aquitanian (probably closely related to or the same as Proto-Basque) Proto-Basque; Iberian; Tartessian; Indo-European languages. Celtic languages. Celtiberian; Gallaecian
Iberian Romance languages of the Iberian Peninsula include: [6] The West Iberian languages: The Castilian languages: includes Spanish and Judaeo-Spanish. The Galician-Portuguese languages: includes Portuguese, Galician and Fala. The Astur-Leonese languages: they are, from east to west, Cantabrian, central-eastern Asturian and Leonese proper.
West Iberian is a branch of the Ibero-Romance languages that includes the Castilian languages (Spanish, Judaeo-Spanish), Astur-Leonese (Asturian, Leonese, Mirandese, Extremaduran (sometimes), Cantabrian), [1] [2] Navarro-Aragonese and the descendants of Galician-Portuguese.
Afrikaans; Ænglisc; Aragonés; Asturianu; Беларуская; Беларуская (тарашкевіца) Bosanski; Català; Чӑвашла; Čeština; Dansk
Romance was the main language spoken by the population of Iberia when the Umayyads conquered Hispania in 711. [1]: 46 Under Muslim rule, Arabic became a superstrate prestige language and would remain the dominant vehicle of literature, high culture, and intellectual expression in Iberia for five centuries (8th–13th). [1]: 36
Occitan (English: / ˈ ɒ k s ɪ t ən,-t æ n,-t ɑː n /; [12] [13] Occitan pronunciation: [utsiˈta, uksiˈta]), [a] also known as lenga d'òc (Occitan: [ˈleŋɡɒ ˈðɔ(k)] ⓘ; French: langue d'oc) by its native speakers, sometimes also referred to as Provençal, is a Romance language spoken in Southern France, Monaco, Italy's Occitan Valleys, as well as Spain's Val d'Aran in Catalonia ...
Like the other Romance languages, the Spanish language evolved from Vulgar Latin, which was brought to the Iberian Peninsula by the Romans during the Second Punic War, beginning in 210 BC. Several pre-Roman languages (also called Paleohispanic languages )—some distantly related to Latin as Indo-European languages , and some that are not ...