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Atracurium besilate, also known as atracurium besylate, is a medication used in addition to other medications to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. [1] It can also be used to help with endotracheal intubation but suxamethonium (succinylcholine) is generally preferred if this needs to be done quickly. [ 1 ]
Atracurium: The recommended clinical dosage of atracurium for adults is to “dose to effect” approach to ensure muscle relaxation. [2] The drug has a relatively intermediate duration of action when compared to other non-depolarizing agents. [2] The drug has an onset of 2 to 3 minutes in adults and an expected peak effect at 3 to 5 minutes. [2]
Suxamethonium showed different blocking effect in that its effect was achieved more quickly and augmented a response in the muscle before block. Also, tubocurarine effects were known to be reversible by acetylcholinesterase inhibitors , whereas decamethonium and suxamethonium block were not reversible.
Suxamethonium is an odorless, white crystalline substance. Aqueous solutions have a pH of about 4. The dihydrate melts at 160 °C, whereas the anhydrous melts at 190 °C. It is highly soluble in water (1 gram in about 1 mL), soluble in ethyl alcohol (1 gram in about 350 mL), slightly soluble in chloroform, and practically insoluble in ether.
Injections of vecuronium bromide without proper sedation allow the person to be fully awake but unable to move in response to pain. [11] In 2001, Japanese nurse Daisuke Mori was reported to have murdered 10 patients using vecuronium bromide. [12] He was convicted of murder and was sentenced to life imprisonment. [13]
Sugammadex, sold under the brand name Bridion, is a medication for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium and vecuronium [5] in general anaesthesia.It is the first selective relaxant binding agent (SRBA).
In fact, research has shown that consuming 40 grams of casein protein 30 minutes before bedtime can help support muscle recovery after an evening resistance-training session.
Gantacurium chloride (formerly recognized as GW280430A and as AV430A) is a new experimental neuromuscular blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in surgical anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.