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  2. Sword Verse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sword_Verse

    The Sword Verse (Arabic: آية السيف, romanized: ayat as-sayf) is the fifth verse of the ninth surah of the Quran [1] [2] (also written as 9:5). It is a Quranic verse widely cited by critics of Islam to suggest the faith promotes violence against pagans (polytheists, mushrikun) by isolating the portion of the verse "kill the polytheists wherever you find them, capture them".

  3. Enjoining good and forbidding wrong - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enjoining_good_and...

    Although most common translations of maʿrūf is "good" and munkar "evil", the words used for good and evil in Islamic philosophy are ḥusn and qubh. In its most common usage, maʿrūf is "in accordance with the custom", while munkar (singular nukr ), which has no place in the custom, is the opposite. [ 13 ]

  4. Islamic views on sin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_views_on_sin

    A number of different words for sin are used in the Islamic tradition. According to A. J. Wensinck's entry on the topic in the Encyclopedia of Islam, Islamic terms for sin include dhanb and khaṭīʾa, which are synonymous and refer to intentional sins; khiṭʾ, which means simply a sin; and ithm, which is used for grave sins.

  5. Criticism of the Quran - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran

    Because, according to his studies, Islamic scientific view on the date of birth of the Prophet until the second century A.H. had exhibited a diversity of 85 years. [74] In 1972, a cache of 12,000 ancient Quranic parchment fragments was discovered in a mosque in Sana'a, Yemen – commonly known as the Sana'a manuscripts. Of the fragments, all ...

  6. Islamic holy books - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_holy_books

    The Scrolls of Moses (Arabic: صُحُفِ مُوسَىٰ, Ṣuḥuf Mūsā) are an ancient body of scripture mentioned twice in the Quran. They are part of the religious scriptures of Islam. Jordanian scholar and professor of philosophy Ghazi bin Muhammad mentions that the "Scrolls of Moses" are identical to the Torah of Moses. [23]

  7. Satanic Verses - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satanic_Verses

    By the 13th century, most Islamic scholars started to reject it on the basis of it being inconsistent with the theological principle of 'iṣmat al-anbiyā (impeccability of the prophets) and the methodological principle of isnad-criticism. [1] According to some Islamic traditions, God sent Satan as a tempter to test the audience.

  8. Apostasy in Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam

    Throughout Islamic history the Muslim community, scholars, and schools of fiqh have agreed that scripture prescribes this penalty; scripture must take precedence over reason or modern norms of human rights, as Islam is the one true religion; "no compulsion in religion" (Q.2:256) does not apply to this punishment; apostasy is "spiritual and ...

  9. List of Islamic texts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Islamic_texts

    This is a list of Islamic texts.The religious texts of Islam include the Quran (the central text), several previous texts (considered by Muslims to be previous revelations from Allah), including the Tawrat revealed to the prophets and messengers amongst the Children of Israel, the Zabur revealed to Dawud and the Injil (the Gospel) revealed to Isa (), and the hadith (deeds and sayings ...