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Mount Tambora, or Tomboro, is an active stratovolcano in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Located on Sumbawa in the Lesser Sunda Islands, it was formed by the active subduction zones beneath it. Before the 1815 eruption, its elevation reached more than 4,300 metres (14,100 feet) high, making it one of the tallest peaks in the Indonesian archipelago.
Mount Tambora experienced several centuries of dormancy before 1815, caused by the gradual cooling of hydrous magma in its closed magma chamber. [7] Inside the chamber at depths between 1.5 and 4.5 km (5,000 and 15,000 ft), the exsolution of a high-pressure fluid magma formed during cooling and crystallisation of the magma.
The main cause of the Year Without a Summer is generally held to be a volcanic winter created by the April 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora on Sumbawa. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] The eruption had a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) ranking of 7, and ejected at least 37 km 3 (8.9 cu mi) of dense-rock equivalent material into the atmosphere. [ 10 ]
The other notable blast, researchers say, is believed to have been one of the strongest eruptions of the last 10,000 years, likely only comparable to the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora. That Mount ...
3. 1816 – The Year Without a Summer. In April of 1815, Mount Tambora in Indonesia exploded in a powerful eruption that wreaked havoc, disrupted the weather patterns worldwide, and killed tens of ...
Tambora: 10 April 1815 Indonesia 2 7 This was the world's greatest eruption since the end of the ice age. [19] The ash and smoke blanketed the Northern Hemisphere and caused "The year without summer" [20] Stratovolcano: Galunggung Volcano 1822 Indonesia unknown 5 The mudflows killed over 4000 people and destroyed more than 114 villages. [21 ...
Before the scientists’ findings, ... Mount Tambora in Indonesia exploded in 1815, and Cosegüina erupted in Nicaragua in 1835. The volcano that produced the 1808/1809 eruption remains unknown ...
Mount Tambora, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia: 1815, Apr 10: 7: 160–213 km 3 (38–51 cu mi) of tephra: an estimated 10–120 million tons of sulfur dioxide were emitted, produced the "Year Without a Summer" [23] 1808 ice core event: Unknown eruption near equator, magnitude roughly half Tambora