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Whitewash cures through a reaction with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to form calcium carbonate in the form of calcite, a type of reaction generally known as carbonation or by the more specific term, carbonatation. It is usually applied to exteriors, or interiors of rural dairies because of its mildly antibacterial properties. Whitewash can ...
It also can be the result of chemical reaction; if badly prepared cement-based mortar is applied to maintain the stone in position, free calcium hydroxide may leach out. In the open air the lime reacts with carbon dioxide to form water-insoluble calcium carbonate that might take the form of powdery efflorescence or dripstone -like crusting.
The setting speed can be increased by using impure limestone in the kiln, to form a hydraulic lime that will set on contact with water. Such a lime must be stored as a dry powder. Alternatively, a pozzolanic material such as calcined clay or brick dust may be added to the mortar mix. Addition of a pozzolanic material will make the mortar set ...
Lime comes from Old English lim ('sticky substance, birdlime, mortar, cement, gluten'), and is related to Latin limus ('slime, mud, mire'), and linere ('to smear'). [7] Mortar is a mixture with cement and comes from Old French mortier ('builder's mortar, plaster; bowl for mixing') in the late 13th century and Latin mortarium ('mortar'). [7]
Limestone-plastered wall discovered in Pompei. Lime plaster is a type of plaster composed of sand, water, and lime, usually non-hydraulic hydrated lime (also known as slaked lime, high calcium lime or air lime). Ancient lime plaster often contained horse hair for reinforcement and pozzolan additives to reduce the working time.
In the lime industry, limestone is a general term for rocks that contain 80% or more of calcium or magnesium carbonate, including marble, chalk, oolite, and marl.Further classification is done by composition as high calcium, argillaceous (clayey), silicious, conglomerate, magnesian, dolomite, and other limestones. [5]
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The root of the word calcination refers to its most prominent use, which is to remove carbon from limestone (calcium carbonate) through combustion to yield calcium oxide (quicklime). This calcination reaction is CaCO 3 (s) → CaO(s) + CO 2 (g). Calcium oxide is a crucial ingredient in modern cement, and is also used as a chemical flux in smelting.