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  2. Ordination (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordination_(statistics)

    Ordination or gradient analysis, in multivariate analysis, is a method complementary to data clustering, and used mainly in exploratory data analysis (rather than in hypothesis testing). In contrast to cluster analysis, ordination orders quantities in a (usually lower-dimensional) latent space. In the ordination space, quantities that are near ...

  3. Gradient descent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient_descent

    The optimized gradient method (OGM) [26] reduces that constant by a factor of two and is an optimal first-order method for large-scale problems. [27] For constrained or non-smooth problems, Nesterov's FGM is called the fast proximal gradient method (FPGM), an acceleration of the proximal gradient method.

  4. Canonical correspondence analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_correspondence...

    In multivariate analysis, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) is an ordination technique that determines axes from the response data as a unimodal combination of measured predictors. CCA is commonly used in ecology in order to extract gradients that drive the composition of ecological communities.

  5. Adjoint state method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjoint_state_method

    The adjoint state method is a numerical method for efficiently computing the gradient of a function or operator in a numerical optimization problem. [1] It has applications in geophysics, seismic imaging, photonics and more recently in neural networks. [2] The adjoint state space is chosen to simplify the physical interpretation of equation ...

  6. Gradient method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gradient_method

    In optimization, a gradient method is an algorithm to solve problems of the form min x ∈ R n f ( x ) {\displaystyle \min _{x\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}}\;f(x)} with the search directions defined by the gradient of the function at the current point.

  7. Conjugate gradient method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_gradient_method

    The conjugate gradient method can be derived from several different perspectives, including specialization of the conjugate direction method for optimization, and variation of the Arnoldi/Lanczos iteration for eigenvalue problems. Despite differences in their approaches, these derivations share a common topic—proving the orthogonality of the ...

  8. Barzilai-Borwein method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barzilai-Borwein_method

    The Barzilai-Borwein method [1] is an iterative gradient descent method for unconstrained optimization using either of two step sizes derived from the linear trend of the most recent two iterates. This method, and modifications, are globally convergent under mild conditions, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] and perform competitively with conjugate gradient methods ...

  9. Frank–Wolfe algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank–Wolfe_algorithm

    The Frank–Wolfe algorithm is an iterative first-order optimization algorithm for constrained convex optimization.Also known as the conditional gradient method, [1] reduced gradient algorithm and the convex combination algorithm, the method was originally proposed by Marguerite Frank and Philip Wolfe in 1956. [2]