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The power for the thruster comes from the high pressure gas created during the decomposition reaction that allows a rocket nozzle to speed up the gas to create thrust. The most commonly used monopropellant is hydrazine (N 2 H 4, or H 2 N−NH 2), a compound unstable in the presence of a catalyst and which is also a strong reducing agent.
Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N 2 H 4. It is a simple pnictogen hydride, ... (RCS/Reaction control system) thrusters of spacecraft, ...
The most common use of monopropellants [3] is in low-impulse monopropellant rocket motors, [4] such as reaction control thrusters, the usual propellant being hydrazine [5] [6] which is generally decomposed by exposure to an iridium [7] [8] catalyst bed (the hydrazine is pre-heated to keep the reactant liquid).
Aerozine 50 is a mixture of 50% UDMH and 50% straight hydrazine (N 2 H 4). [5]: 45 Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) + nitrogen tetroxide (NTO) – smaller engines and reaction control thrusters: Apollo command and service module RCS, [20] Space Shuttle OMS and RCS; [21] Ariane 5 EPS; [22] Draco thrusters used by the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft. [23]
[clarification needed] The Mercury thrusters used a hydrogen peroxide monopropellant which turned to steam when forced through a tungsten screen, and the Gemini thrusters used hypergolic mono-methyl hydrazine fuel oxidized with nitrogen tetroxide.
An arcjet rocket or arcjet thruster is a form of electrically powered spacecraft propulsion, in which an electrical discharge is created in a flow of propellant [1] [2] (typically hydrazine or ammonia). This imparts additional energy to the propellant, so that one can extract more work out of each kilogram of propellant, at the expense of ...
Draco thrusters generate 400 newtons (90 pounds-force) of thrust using a storable propellant mixture of monomethyl hydrazine fuel and nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer.The Draco thrust is comparable to the Marquardt R-4D engine developed for the Apollo Service and Lunar Modules in the 1960s and used for apogee/perigee maneuvers, orbit adjustment, and attitude control.
A thruster is a spacecraft propulsion device used for orbital station-keeping, attitude control, or long-duration, low-thrust acceleration, ...