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IC 50 / pIC 50 values represent binding affinity only and do not reflect efficacy or pharmacokinetics, and some compounds listed are GABA A antagonists rather than agonists (e.g. flumazenil). Low IC 50 or high pIC 50 values indicate tighter binding (pIC 50 of 8.0 = IC 50 of 10nM, pIC 50 of 9.0 = IC 50 of 1nM, etc.)
Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a benzodiazepine medication. [14] It is used to treat anxiety (including anxiety disorders ), trouble sleeping , severe agitation , active seizures including status epilepticus , alcohol withdrawal , and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting . [ 14 ]
Used off-label to treat insomnia; Sonata – a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic; Spravato – a rapid-acting antidepressant of the NMDA receptor antagonist class; enantiomer of ketamine; Stelazine (trifluoperazine) – an antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychotic disorders, anxiety, and nausea caused by chemotherapy [2]
A person who experiences the toxic effects of alcohol or benzodiazepines will not benefit from other therapies or medications as they do not address the root cause of the symptoms. [47] Recovery from benzodiazepine dependence tends to take a lot longer than recovery from alcohol, [47] [48] but people can regain their previous good health.
“They don’t have you down for Valium,” Barney said. “I’ve got Ativan here. It’s less addictive.” It had taken me months to get off Ativan, which I had done the year before, using Valium to taper down. For me it has gone: 1985 - 2009 Booze, and occasionally a little cocaine, speed or weed. 2009 - 2010
[118] [134] [135] [136] This may explain why patients commonly increase doses over time and many eventually take more than one type of benzodiazepine after the first loses effectiveness.
Kindling due to substance withdrawal is the neurological condition which results from repeated withdrawal episodes from sedative–hypnotic drugs such as alcohol and benzodiazepines.
The reason it took 24 weeks for improvements to be seen after cessation of benzodiazepine use was due to the time it takes the brain to adapt to the benzodiazepine-free environment. [ 136 ] At 24 weeks, significant improvements were found, including accuracy of information processing improved, but a decline was seen in those who remained on ...