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Often, the wood's color is changed by staining, bleaching, or any of a number of other techniques. Once the wood surface is prepared and stained, the finish is applied. It usually consists of several coats of wax, shellac, drying oil, lacquer, varnish, or paint, and each coat is typically followed by sanding.
Mummy portrait of a girl, AD 120–150, Roman Egypt, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood. Encaustic is a method of painting that involves dry pigments mixed with hot beeswax, then applied to the surface of a support such as wood or canvas. A completed painting is then finished by taking a source of heat to reheat the surface and fuse it ...
The charred surface is then cleaned using a steel brush to remove loose bits and to expose the grain. Oil or varnish may be applied if required. [46] Charring wood with a red-hot iron is a traditional method in Japan, where it is called yakisugi or shō sugi ban (literally 'fire cypress').
Example of a cradled panel, mounted on the back of a painting by Aert van der Neer Example of an oak panel in its original state, the back of a Jan Davidsz. de Heem still life. Cradling is a process used in the restoration and preservation of paintings on wooden panel .
Wood stain is a type of paint used to colour wood comprising colourants dissolved and/or suspended in a vehicle or solvent. Pigments and/or dyes are largely used as colourants in most stains. The initial application of any paint or varnish is absorbed into the substrate similarly to stains, but the binder from a stain resides mainly below the ...
The ground of the painting was then removed by solvents or scraping, until nothing remained but a thin skin of colour, pasted over with paper and held together by the muslin. A prepared canvas was then attached to the back of the paint layer, using the same method as was used for lining pictures. When the glue had dried, the paper and muslin ...