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Clonidine has some role in the treatment of spasticity caused by spinal cord injury, acting principally by inhibiting excessive sensory transmission below the level of injury [clarify]. Its use, however, is mainly as a second or third line agent, due to side effects such as hypotension, bradycardia, and drowsiness. [42]
A small number of patients may worsen on clonidine. [44] Guanfacine (brand name Tenex) is another antihypertensive that is used in treating TS. Side effects can include sedation, dry mouth, fatigue, headaches and dizziness. Sedation can be problematic when treatment is first initiated, but may wear off as the patient adjusts to the medication. [4]
Clonidine is becoming increasingly popular as a premedication for children. One drawback of clonidine is that it can take up to 45 minutes to take full effect. [3] In children, clonidine has been found to be equal to and possibly superior to benzodiazepines as a premedication. It has a more favourable side effect profile.
For example, xylazine and clonidine suppress uptake of iobenguane (MIBG), a norepinephrine analogue, in neuroblastoma cells. [24] Xylazine's chemical structure closely resembles clonidine. It has also been reported that xylazine activates the κ-opioid receptors, with low potency, which may contribute to its effects. [25]
Medications are used to reverse the symptoms of extrapyramidal side effects caused by antipsychotics or other drugs, by either directly or indirectly increasing dopaminergic neurotransmission. The treatment varies by the type of the EPS, but may involve anticholinergic agents such as procyclidine , benztropine , diphenhydramine , and ...
Lofexidine and clonidine are used for this purpose; both are considered to be equally effective, though clonidine has more side effects than lofexidine. [16] Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist primarily used in the treatment of hypertension. [17]
A study confirmed that side effects like pancreatitis and kidney damage are possible while taking GLP-1s like Ozempic. Here's what a doctor wants you to know.
Tabernaemontana divaricata. Conolidine is an indole alkaloid.Preliminary reports suggest that it could provide analgesic effects with few of the detrimental side-effects associated with opioids such as morphine, though at present it has only been evaluated in mouse models.