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The earliest cities in history were in the ancient Near East, an area covering roughly that of the modern Middle East: its history began in the 4th millennium BC and ended, depending on the interpretation of the term, either with the conquest by the Achaemenid Empire in the 6th century BC or with that by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC.
Ur [a] (/ ʊr / or / ɜːr / [3]) was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar [b] (Arabic: تَلّ ٱلْمُقَيَّر, lit. 'mound of bitumen') in Dhi Qar Governorate, southern Iraq.
Adab (Sumerian: 𒌓𒉣𒆠 Adab ki, [1] spelled UD.NUN KI [2]) was an ancient Sumerian city between Girsu and Nippur, lying about 35 kilometers southeast of the latter.It was located at the site of modern Bismaya or Bismya in the Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate of Iraq.
Uruk, the archeological site known today as Warka, was an ancient city in the Near East, located east of the current bed of the Euphrates River, on an ancient, now-dried channel of the river. The site lies 93 kilometers (58 miles) northwest of ancient Ur , 108 kilometers (67 miles) southeast of ancient Nippur , and 24 kilometers (15 miles ...
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Aššur (/ ˈ æ s ʊər /; Sumerian: 𒀭𒊹𒆠 AN.ŠAR 2 KI, Assyrian cuneiform: Aš-šur KI, "City of God Aššur"; [2] [3] Syriac: ܐܫܘܪ Āšūr; Old Persian: 𐎠𐎰𐎢𐎼 Aθur, Persian: آشور Āšūr; Hebrew: אַשּׁוּר ʾAššūr, Arabic: اشور), also known as Ashur and Qal'at Sherqat, was the capital of the Old Assyrian city-state (2025–1364 BC), the Middle ...
Umma (Sumerian: 𒄑𒆵𒆠) [1] in modern Dhi Qar Province in Iraq, was an ancient city in Sumer. There is some scholarly debate about the Sumerian and Akkadian names for this site. [ 2 ] Traditionally, Umma was identified with Tell Jokha.
Shuruppak (Sumerian: 𒋢𒆳𒊒𒆠 Šuruppag KI, SU.KUR.RU ki, "the healing place"), modern Tell Fara, was an ancient Sumerian city situated about 55 kilometres (35 mi) south of Nippur and 30 kilometers north of ancient Uruk on the banks of the Euphrates in Iraq's Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate.