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  2. Asphalt concrete - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphalt_concrete

    Asphalt batch mix plant A machine laying asphalt concrete, fed from a dump truck. Asphalt concrete (commonly called asphalt, [1] blacktop, or pavement in North America, and tarmac or bitumen macadam in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland) is a composite material commonly used to surface roads, parking lots, airports, and the core of embankment dams. [2]

  3. Road surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Road_surface

    Cold mix asphalt is often used on lower-volume rural roads, where hot mix asphalt would cool too much on the long trip from the asphalt plant to the construction site. [18] An asphalt concrete surface will generally be constructed for high-volume primary highways having an average annual daily traffic load greater than 1,200 vehicles per day. [19]

  4. Stone mastic asphalt - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_mastic_asphalt

    Austroads (2002) Asphalt Guide AP−G666/02; Austroads (2003) Selection and Design of Asphalt Mixes: Australian Provisional Guide. APRG Report 18. ARRB Transport Research; Austroads (2003) Guide to the selection of road surfacings, AP−G63/03; National Asphalt Pavement Association (1999) Designing and Constructing SMA Mixtures — State-of-the ...

  5. Sieve analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_analysis

    A sieve analysis (or gradation test) is a practice or procedure used in geology, civil engineering, [1] and chemical engineering [2] to assess the particle size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material by allowing the material to pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size and weighing the amount of material that is stopped by each sieve as a fraction ...

  6. International roughness index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_roughness_index

    The measurement of IRI is required for data provided to the United States Federal Highway Administration, [1] [9] and is covered in several standards from ASTM International: ASTM E1926 - 08, [10] ASTM E1364 - 95(2005), [11] and others. IRI is also used to evaluate new pavement construction, to determine penalties or bonus payments based on ...

  7. Pavement condition index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_Condition_Index

    The pavement condition index (PCI) is a numerical index between 0 and 100, which is used to indicate the general condition of a pavement section.The PCI is widely used in transportation civil engineering [1] and asset management, and many municipalities use it to measure the performance of their road infrastructure and their levels of service. [2]

  8. Bitumen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitumen

    Mastic asphalt is a type of asphalt that differs from dense graded asphalt (asphalt concrete) in that it has a higher bitumen content, usually around 7–10% of the whole aggregate mix, as opposed to rolled asphalt concrete, which has only around 5% asphalt. This thermoplastic substance is widely used in the building industry for waterproofing ...

  9. Pavement Surface Evaluation and Rating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavement_Surface...

    No maintenance required: No maintenance required Good: 7-8: Crack sealing and minor patching: Routine maintenance Fair: 5-6: Preservation treatments (non-structural) Surface repairs, partial-depth patching Poor: 3-4: Structural renewal (overlay) Extensive slab or joint rehabilitation Failed: 1-2: Reconstruction: Reconstruction