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A map of medieval universities in Europe. The university is generally regarded as a formal institution that has its origin in the Medieval Christian setting in Europe. [7] [8] For hundreds of years prior to the establishment of universities, European higher education took place in Christian cathedral schools and monastic schools (scholae monasticae), where monks and nuns taught classes.
The cathedral school of Trondheim, founded in 1152, is the oldest school in Norway.Today, the Katedralskole serves as secondary school.. Cathedral schools began in the Early Middle Ages as centers of advanced education, some of them ultimately evolving into medieval universities. [1]
Herbals are one of the largest and most well-known contributions of monastic schools to science, offering some of the most comprehensive amounts of historical evidence. Monasteries were, and are still today, isolated centers. This meant that they had to be able to provide treatment for themselves, including treating the monks who would become ill.
The curriculum at medieval universities was heavily influenced by classical education, particularly the study of the liberal arts, which were divided into the trivium (grammar, rhetoric, and logic) and the quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy). These subjects provided the foundation for more advanced studies in theology, law ...
A 1911 map of medieval universities in Europe The University of Bologna in Bologna, Italy, founded in 1088, the world's oldest university in continuous operation [1] A dining hall at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, the world's second-oldest university and oldest in the English-speaking world A partial view of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England, the world's third ...
Many Centres / Centers for Medieval Studies exist, usually as part of a university or other research and teaching facility. Umberella organisations for these bodies include the Fédération Internationale des Instituts d’Etudes Médiévales (FIDEM) (founded 1987) and Co-operative for Advancement of Research through Medieval European Network (CARMEN).
Scholasticism was a medieval school of philosophy that employed a critical organic method of philosophical analysis predicated upon Aristotelianism and the Ten Categories. Christian scholasticism emerged within the monastic schools that translated scholastic Judeo-Islamic philosophies, and "rediscovered" the collected works of Aristotle.
The quadrivium was the upper division of medieval educational provision in the liberal arts, which comprised arithmetic (number in the abstract), geometry (number in space), music (number in time), and astronomy (number in space and time).