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W. H. Harvey (1811–1866) and Lamouroux (1813) [34] were the first to divide macroscopic algae into four divisions based on their pigmentation. This is the first use of a biochemical criterion in plant systematics.
Turbinaria contains fucoxanthin which is a carotenoid pigment found in all brown algae. Its functions lie in the harvesting of light and energy transfer. [ 4 ] The genus has high levels of iron (893.7 ± 210.5 g −1 μg dry weight), [ 20 ] and has an affinity for arsenic and nickel, depending on the concentrations in the environments in which ...
Chlorophyll a binds to thylakoids, while the c pigment is present in the stroma. [10] The most frequent accessory pigment in ochrophytes is the yellow β-carotene. The golden-brown or brown pigmentation in diatoms, brown algae, golden algae and others is conferred by the xanthophyll fucoxanthin.
The various strains of Planktothrix can be characterized as planktic, benthic, or biphasic based on their lifestyles and at what depth in the water they are found. [6] The various species can not only be differentiated by their preferred habitat type but also by their morphology and pigmentation. [13]
Polysiphonia, known as red hair algae, [1] is a genus of filamentous red algae with about 19 species on the coasts of the British Isles [2] and about 200 species worldwide, [3] including Crete in Greece, Antarctica and Greenland. [4] [5] Its members are known by a number of common names. [note 1] [4] It is in the order Ceramiales and family ...
The brown algae include the largest and fastest growing of seaweeds. [6] Fronds of Macrocystis may grow as much as 50 cm (20 in) per day, and the stipes can grow 6 cm (2.4 in) in a single day. [13] Growth in most brown algae occurs at the tips of structures as a result of divisions in a single apical cell or in a row of such
The origin of the chloroplasts from green algae is supported by their pigmentation, which includes chlorophylls a and b, and by genetic similarities. The only other groups of algae that contain nucleomorphs are a few species of dinoflagellates , which also have plastids originating from green algae, [ 6 ] and the cryptomonads , which acquired ...
Chloroplasts probably evolved following an endosymbiotic event between an ancestral, photosynthetic cyanobacterium and an early eukaryotic phagotroph. [17] This event (termed primary endosymbiosis) is at the origin of the red and green algae (including the land plants or Embryophytes which emerged within them) and the glaucophytes, which together make up the oldest evolutionary lineages of ...