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Hyponatremia is the most common type of electrolyte imbalance, and is often found in older adults. [11] [12] It occurs in about 20% of those admitted to hospital and 10% of people during or after an endurance sporting event. [3] [5] Among those in hospital, hyponatremia is associated with an increased risk of death. [5]
Patients with severe or life-threatening hyponatremia complications (typically those with a rapid drop in blood sodium, and/or those with certain other risk factors such as recent brain injury or ...
There are nine supplemental features: 1) a low BUN; 2) a low uric acid; 3) a normal creatinine; 4) failure to correct hyponatremia with IV normal saline; 5) successful correction of hyponatremia with fluid restriction; 6) a fractional sodium excretion >1%; 7) a fractional urea excretion >55%; 8) an abnormal water load test; and 9) an elevated ...
[14] [3] Dilutional hyponatremia can happen in diabetics as high glucose levels pull water into the blood stream causing the sodium concentration to be lower. [14] [3] Diagnosis of the cause of hyponatremia relies on three factors: volume status, plasma osmolality, urine sodium levels and urine osmolality. [14] [3]
Technically known as hyponatremia, the condition occurs when the concentration of sodium in the bloodstream is abnormally low. Although it can be brought about by an underlying medical condition ...
However, the Cleveland Clinic points out that, less commonly, you can lose too much sodium from your body, leading to hyponatremia. Those causes can include: Taking diuretics .
Reducing fluid intake can alleviate stress on the body and may reduce additional complications. A fluid restriction diet is generally medically advised for patients with "heart problems, renal disease, liver damage including cirrhosis, endocrine and adrenal gland issues, elevated stress hormones and hyponatremia". [1]
Excess of body water may also be a result of a medical condition or improper treatment; see "hyponatremia" for some examples. Water is considered one of the least toxic chemical compounds, with an LD 50 exceeding 90,000 mg/kg (90 g/kg) body weight in rats; [3] drinking six liters in three hours has caused the death of a human. [4]