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Most common garter snakes have a pattern of yellow stripes on a black, brown or green background, and their average total length (including tail) is about 55 cm (22 in), with a maximum total length of about 137 cm (54 in). [2] [3] The average body mass is 150 g (5.3 oz). [4] The common garter snake is the state reptile of Massachusetts. [5]
The plains garter snake (Thamnophis radix) is a species of garter snake native to most of the central United States as far north as Canada and as far south as Texas.It has a distinctive orange or yellow stripe from its head to tail, and the rest of its body is mainly a gray-green color.
T. e. terrestris with dark coloring Mountain garter snake (T. e. elegans) defensive posture. Most western terrestrial garter snakes have a yellow, light orange, or white dorsal stripe, accompanied by two stripes of the same color, one on each side. Some varieties have red or black spots between the dorsal stripe and the side stripes.
The ribbon snake averages 16 to 35 inches (41 to 89 cm) in total length (including tail). [7] It is dark brown with bright yellow stripes. [8] The ribbon snake is not sexually dimorphic; however, females are normally thicker than their male counterparts. The ribbon snake can be found in wet climates such as lakes, streams, ponds and marshes.
The Texas garter snake has a greenish-black back with a distinctive bright-orange or red stripe down the center, and yellowish stripes on either side of the body that extend through the second, third, and fourth rows of dorsal scales above the belly plates. [1] Adults range in total length (including tail) from 38 to 71 cm (15 to 28 in). [1]
Eastern garter snakes average between 46–66 cm (18–26 in) long. The largest recorded length was 124 cm (48.7 in) long. Females are typically larger than males. They are either a greenish, brown, or black color and have a distinct yellow or white stripe. The eastern garter snake is broadly considered non-venomous.
The first garter snake to be scientifically described was the eastern garter snake (now Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis), by zoologist and taxonomist Carl Linnaeus in 1758. The genus Thamnophis was described by Leopold Fitzinger in 1843 as the genus for the garter snakes and ribbon snakes. [ 2 ]
T. hammondii is a medium-sized snake, 18–30 in (46–76 cm) in total length (including tail), with a head barely wider than the neck. Two common color variations occur in the wild, a striped variant and a checkered variant. The striped variant has a yellowish lateral stripe on each side, and a fairly uniform dorsal coloring.