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HELRAS or the Helicopter Long Range Active Sonar is a naval helicopter undersea sensor, a dipping sonar (a form of towed array sonar), deployed by helicopters of many naval air forces around the world to detect submarines; it is a form of geophysical MASINT.
AN/AQS-13 dipping sonar deployed from an SH-3 Sea King. The AN/AQS-13 series was a helicopter dipping sonar system for the United States Navy.These systems were deployed as the primary inner zone anti-submarine warfare (ASW) sensor on aircraft carrier based helicopters for over five decades. [1]
For anti-submarine duties, the helicopter can operate for over three hours when equipped with the Thales FLASH dipping sonar, two hours with the sonar and one Blue Shark torpedo, and an hour or more with the sonar and two torpedoes; it can also drop sonobuoys. [54]
Powered by RTM322 engines and fitted with Blue Kestrel radar, Thomson Marconi FLASH dipping sonar and Orange Reaper ESM. 44 built. [167] Model 112 Italian Navy early warning variant with same airframe as Model 110 but with Eliradar HEW-784 radar in large underfuselage radome. Four built. [168] Series 200
The sonar systems businesses of Thomson and GEC-Marconi then merged to become Thomson Marconi Sonar (TMS). In 1999, as part of the merger of Marconi Electronic Systems (as GEC-Marconi had become), and British Aerospace , the newly formed BAE Systems held 49.9% of TMS, which it sold to Thales (the new name for Thomson-CSF) in 2001.
AN/AQS-13 dipping sonar deployed from an H-3 Sea King. Helicopters can be used for antisubmarine warfare by deploying fields of active-passive sonobuoys or can operate dipping sonar, such as the AQS-13. Fixed wing aircraft can also deploy sonobuoys and have greater endurance and capacity to deploy them.
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Early trials were conducted using an experimental dipping sonar called "Hot Dog", a harbour defence sonar capsule lowered over the side or rear of a stationary ship by electrical cable. The trials confirmed the possibility of achieving long detection ranges and the reduced efficacy of hull-mounted sonar against targets in the middle layer.