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In 1627, the naval Battle of Oliwa was fought near the city, regarded as one of the greatest victories in the history of the Polish Navy. In 1655, Charles X Gustav of Sweden invaded Poland and appeared outside the Danzig city walls, but refrained from laying siege. A Dutch fleet arrived in July 1656, reopening the vital trade with the Netherlands.
Danzig had an early history of independence. It was a leading player in the Prussian Confederation directed against the Teutonic Monastic State of Prussia.The Confederation stipulated with the Polish king, Casimir IV Jagiellon, that the Polish Crown would be invested with the role of head of state of western parts of Prussia (Royal Prussia).
As a result of World War I, the Treaty of Versailles allocated most of West Prussia to the Second Polish Republic, and the Danzig Region was dissolved in 1920. The city of Danzig and its environs became the Free City of Danzig. A few eastern areas of the Danzig Region remained in the Free State of Prussia in Weimar Germany, however.
The Free City of Danzig (French: Ville libre de Dantzig; German: Freie Stadt Danzig; Polish: Wolne Miasto Gdańsk), sometimes referred to as the Republic of Danzig (French: République de Dantzig; German: Republik Danzig), was a semi-independent city-state established by Napoleon on 21 July 1807, during the time of the Napoleonic Wars following the capture of the city in the siege of Danzig in ...
Map of the Free City of Danzig existing in the years 1920-1939 German refugees leaving Danzig, February 1945. The Free City of Danzig Government in Exile (German: Regierung der Freien Stadt Danzig im Exil) or the Free State of Danzig, is a title claimed by various groups claiming to be the government in exile of the defunct Free City of Danzig, whose former territory now lies in Poland, around ...
The Danzig crisis was an important prelude to World War II.The crisis lasted from March 1939 until the outbreak of war on 1 September 1939. The crisis began when tensions escalated between Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic Poland over the Free City of Danzig (modern-day Gdańsk, Poland).
1918 - City becomes part of Weimar Germany. 1919 - Free City of Danzig created by Treaty of Versailles. Aerial photo from circa 1920, showing St. Mary's Church. 1920 Polish Post Office and Sportverein Schutzpolizei Danzig established. Volkstag (parliament) becomes active. 1921 - Danziger Werft in business. 1922 - Gedania Danzig football club ...
With the unification of Germany in 1871 under Prussian hegemony, the city became part of the German Empire and remained so until 1919, after Germany's defeat in World War I. [75] Starting from the 1850s, long-established Danzig families often felt marginalized by the new town elite originating from mainland Germany.