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183 11606 Ensembl ENSG00000135744 ENSMUSG00000031980 UniProt P01019 P11859 Q3UTR7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000029 NM_001382817 NM_001384479 NM_007428 RefSeq (protein) NP_000020 NP_001369746 NP_031454 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 230.69 – 230.75 Mb Chr 8: 125.28 – 125.3 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase ...
Angiotensin II is the major bioactive product of the renin–angiotensin system, binding to receptors on intraglomerular mesangial cells, causing these cells to contract along with the blood vessels surrounding them; and to receptors on the zona glomerulosa cells, causing the release of aldosterone from the zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex.
The angiotensin II receptors, (ATR1) and (ATR2), are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensin II as their ligands. [1] They are important in the renin–angiotensin system : they are responsible for the signal transduction of the vasoconstricting stimulus of the main effector hormone, angiotensin II .
The resulting cleaved protein is known as soluble ACE2 or sACE2. It is released into the bloodstream where one of sACE2's functions is to turn excess angiotensin II into angiotensin 1-7 which binds to MasR receptors creating localized vasodilation and hence decreasing blood pressure. Excess sACE2 may ultimately be excreted in the urine. [18] [19]
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1), or ACE, is a central component of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which controls blood pressure by regulating the volume of fluids in the body. It converts the hormone angiotensin I to the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Therefore, ACE indirectly increases blood pressure by causing blood ...
Angiotensin II, through AT 1 receptor stimulation, is a major stress hormone and, because (ARBs) block these receptors, in addition to their eliciting anti-hypertensive effects, may be considered for the treatment of stress-related disorders. [14] In 2008, they were reported to have a remarkable negative association with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
ACE inhibitors do not completely prevent the formation of angiotensin II, as blockage is dose-dependent, so angiotensin II receptor antagonists may be useful because they act to prevent the action of angiotensin II at the AT 1 receptor, leaving AT 2 receptor unblocked; the latter may have consequences needing further study. [citation needed]
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) work by inhibiting the action of angiotensin II on, specifically AT1 receptors to prevent the vasoconstrictor effects of this receptor and block the peripheral sympathetic activity. [9] Azilsartan, candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, olmesartan, telmisartan, valsartan