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The Australian northwest cloudbands provides up to 80% of the annual rainfall for northwestern Australia and up to 40% of the annual rainfall for southwestern Australia, including most of the winter rainfall over northwest Western Australia and Central Australia. [95] [96] Summers in southern Australia are generally dry and hot with coastal sea ...
A drainage basin is an extent of land where water from rain and melting snow or ice drains downhill into a body of water, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary, wetland, sea or ocean. The drainage basin includes both the streams and rivers that convey the water as well as the land surfaces from which water drains into those channels, and is ...
Rainfall is expected to become heavier and more infrequent, as well as more common in summer rather than in winter. Australia's annual average temperatures are projected to increase 0.4–2.0 °C above 1990 levels by the year 2030, and 1–6 °C by 2070.
Amongst OECD nations Australia is ranked fourth-highest in water use per capita. [9] Total water runoff in 2004–05 was estimated at 243 billion cubic meters (BCM) and total groundwater recharge was estimated at 49 BCM, giving a total inflow to Australia's water resources of 292 BCM. Over 50 per cent of runoff occurred in northern Australia.
March Rainfall was 74% above average for NSW, and 35% above average for Victoria however overall rain was 27% below average for Australia. A large number of sites in NSW recorded their wettest March on record, in Greater Sydney, Illawarra, Northern Rivers and the Mid North Coast saw numerous daily records and monthly records broken.
Because these roots absorb so much water, runoff in typical Australian and Southern African rivers does not occur until about 300 mm (12 in) or more of rainfall has occurred. In other continents, runoff will occur after quite light rainfall due to the low rooting densities.
The Australian monsoon (AUM), also known as the Australian summer monsoon (ASM), [2] and the Australian-Indonesian monsoon (AIM), [3] is a monsoon system that increases thunderstorms and rainfall over many areas of Indonesia and northern Australia, from the far northern tropics of the region to the semi-arid zone of Australia, typically between ...
Surface runoff is defined as precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, or hail [5]) that reaches a surface stream without ever passing below the soil surface. [6] It is distinct from direct runoff, which is runoff that reaches surface streams immediately after rainfall or melting snowfall and excludes runoff generated by the melting of snowpack or ...