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  2. Wheel factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_factorization

    Every second number in these triplets will be a multiple of 3, because numbers of the form 3 + 6k are all odd multiples of 3. Thus all the numbers coprime with the first two primes (2 and 3) will be generated by repeated additions of 6, starting from {1, 5}: 1, 5 ; 7, 11 ; 13, 17 ; ...

  3. Sieve of Eratosthenes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sieve_of_Eratosthenes

    Another refinement is to initially list odd numbers only, (3, 5, ..., n), and count in increments of 2p in step 3, thus marking only odd multiples of p. This actually ...

  4. Divisibility rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divisibility_rule

    If it is divisible by 2 continue by adding the digits of the original number and checking if that sum is a multiple of 3. Any number which is both a multiple of 2 and of 3 is a multiple of 6. Example. 324 (The original number) Final digit 4 is even, so 324 is divisible by 2, and may be divisible by 6. 3 + 2 + 4 = 9 which is a multiple of 3.

  5. List of types of numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_types_of_numbers

    Even and odd numbers: An integer is even if it is a multiple of 2, and is odd otherwise. Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ...

  6. Formulas for generating Pythagorean triples - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formulas_for_generating...

    Let [a, b, c] be a primitive triple with a odd. Then 3 new triples [a 1, b 1, c 1], [a 2, b 2, c 2], [a 3, b 3, c 3] may be produced from [a, b, c] using matrix multiplication and Berggren's [11] three matrices A, B, C. Triple [a, b, c] is termed the parent of the three new triples (the children). Each child is itself the parent of 3 more ...

  7. Collatz conjecture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture

    If the odd denominator d of a rational is not a multiple of 3, then all the iterates have the same denominator and the sequence of numerators can be obtained by applying the "3n + d " generalization [26] of the Collatz function = {(), + ().

  8. Pythagorean triple - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_triple

    If they were both odd, the numerator of would be a multiple of 4 (because an odd square is congruent to 1 modulo 4), and the denominator 2mn would not be a multiple of 4. Since 4 would be the minimum possible even factor in the numerator and 2 would be the maximum possible even factor in the denominator, this would imply a to be even despite ...

  9. 3 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3

    3 (three) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number following 2 and preceding 4, and is the smallest odd prime number and the only prime preceding a square number. It has religious and cultural significance in many societies. [1]