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A condenser (right) and its respective diaphragm (left) A condenser is an optical lens that renders a divergent light beam from a point light source into a parallel or converging beam to illuminate an object to be imaged. Condensers are an essential part of any imaging device, such as microscopes, enlargers, slide projectors, and telescopes.
The phase telescope/Bertrand lens is inserted into the microscope in place of an eyepiece to move the intermediate image plane to a point where it can be observed. Phase telescopes are primarily used for aligning the optical components required for Köhler illumination and phase contrast microscopy. For Köhler illumination the light source and ...
An inverted microscope is a microscope with its light source and condenser on the top, above the stage pointing down, while the objectives and turret are below the stage pointing up. It was invented in 1850 by J. Lawrence Smith , a faculty member of Tulane University (then named the Medical College of Louisiana).
Diagram of a simple microscope. There are two basic types of optical microscopes: simple microscopes and compound microscopes. A simple microscope uses the optical power of a single lens or group of lenses for magnification. A compound microscope uses a system of lenses (one set enlarging the image produced by another) to achieve a much higher ...
Diagram illustrating the light path through a dark-field microscope. The steps are illustrated in the figure where an inverted microscope is used. Light enters the microscope for illumination of the sample. A specially sized disc, the patch stop (see figure), blocks some light from the light source, leaving an outer ring of illumination. A wide ...
A bright-field microscope has many important parts including; the condenser, the objective lens, the ocular lens, the diaphragm, and the aperture. Some other pieces of the microscope that are commonly known are the arm, the head, the illuminator, the base, the stage, the adjusters, and the brightness adjuster.
This image is formed by the condenser or collector lens. This illumination is bright but not always even, as any structure in the light source (for example the filament of a light bulb) will be visible in the resulting image. Homogeneous light sources such as a flame or sunlight give more even illumination.
A traveling microscope. E—eyepiece, O—objective, K—knob for focusing, V—vernier, R—rails, S—screw for fine position adjustment. A travelling microscope is an instrument for measuring length with a resolution typically in the order of 0.01mm.