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Boer women and children in a concentration camp. During the Second Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902), the British operated concentration camps in the South African Republic, Orange Free State, the Colony of Natal, and the Cape Colony.
About a dozen concentration camps were in operation until the early 1990s, but some of them were closed and merged into the remaining six camps for the purpose of maintaining better secrecy and control. [128] North Korea is known to operate six concentration camps, currently accommodating around 200,000 prisoners.
The term "concentration camp" was used to describe camps operated by the British in South Africa during this conflict in the years 1900–1902, and the term grew in prominence during this period. The camps had originally been set up by the British Army as "refugee camps" to provide refuge for civilian families who had been forced to abandon ...
The Giado concentration camp was a forced labor concentration camp for Italian and Libyan Jews in Giado, Libya (now called Jadu), operating during the Second World War from May 1942 until its liberation by British troops in January 1943. The camp was established on the orders of Benito Mussolini, the Prime Minister of Italy.
The Holocaust and North Africa. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 9781503605435. Robert Satloff: Among the Righteous: Lost Stories from the Holocaust's Long Reach into Arab Lands (PublicAffairs, 2006). ISBN 1-58648-399-4; Michel Abitbol: The Jews of North Africa during the Second World War (Wayne state University Press Detroit, 1989).
He survived the camps, and, after the war, returned to France, where he lived the rest of his life. Khemdoudi is considered to have been part of the "indigenous resistance"—a term used for Resistance members from North Africa. Like many such persons, Khemdoudi's actions during the war received very little attention after his death. [42]
According to the Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, there were 23 main concentration camps (German: Stammlager), of which most had a system of satellite camps. [1] Including the satellite camps, the total number of Nazi concentration camps that existed at one point in time is at least a thousand, although these did not all exist at the same time.
With the closure of concentration camps, all surviving Herero were distributed as labourers for settlers in the German colony. From that time on, all Herero over the age of seven were forced to wear a metal disc with their labour registration number, [62]: 12 and banned from owning land or cattle, a necessity for pastoral society. [83]: 89