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Guttman scale has been generalized to the theory and procedures of "multiple scaling" which identifies the minimum number of scales needed for satisfactory reproducibility. As a procedure that ties substantive contents with logical aspects of data, Guttman scale heralded the advent of facet theory developed by Louis Guttman and his associates.
The well known Guttman scale [25] [24] (example: 1111, 1121, 1131, 2131, 2231, 2232) is simply a 1-d scalogram, i.e. one all of whose profiles are comparable. The procedure of identifying and interpreting the coordinate scales X 1 ...
The Bogardus social distance scale is a cumulative scale (a Guttman scale), because agreement with any item implies agreement with all preceding items. Research by Bogardus first in 1925 and then repeated in 1946, 1956, and 1966 shows that the extent of social distancing in the US is decreasing slightly and fewer distinctions are being made ...
The Guttman scale is related to Rasch measurement; specifically, Rasch models bring the Guttman approach within a probabilistic framework. Constant sum scale – a respondent is given a constant sum of money, script, credits, or points and asked to allocate these to various items (example : If one had 100 Yen to spend on food products, how much ...
Example [ edit ] If both x {\displaystyle x} and y {\displaystyle y} vectors have cardinal (interval or rational) scale, then without knowing x {\displaystyle x} , the best predictor for an unknown y {\displaystyle y} would be y ¯ {\displaystyle {\bar {y}}} , the arithmetic mean of the y {\displaystyle y} -data.
The Guttman scale focuses on items that vary in their degree of psychological difficulty. Supplementing these are several techniques that do not depend on deliberate responses such as unobtrusive, standard physiological, and neuroscientific measures. [ 18 ]
In essence, a Mokken scale is a non-parametric, probabilistic version of Guttman scale. Both Guttman and Mokken scaling can be used to assess whether a number of items measure the same underlying concept. Both Guttman and Mokken scaling are based on the assumption that the items are hierarchically ordered: this means that they are ordered by ...
Guttman research interests were in the fields of scale and factor analysis, multidimensional scaling and facet theory. [4] His mathematical and philosophical treatments of Factor analysis are among the important parts of his scientific legacy. His earlier work in scaling analysis produced what has become to be known as the Guttman scale. [5]