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320 grit silicon carbide sandpaper, with close-up view. In addition to paper, backing for sandpaper includes cloth (cotton, polyester, rayon), PET film, "fibre", and rubber. Cloth backing is used for sandpaper discs and belts, while PET film is used as backing for extremely fine grits.
Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum (/ ˌ k ɑːr b ə ˈ r ʌ n d əm /), is a hard chemical compound containing silicon and carbon. A wide bandgap semiconductor , it occurs in nature as the extremely rare mineral moissanite , but has been mass-produced as a powder and crystal since 1893 for use as an abrasive .
A macro etched copper disc. After mounting, the specimen is wet ground to reveal the surface of the metal. The specimen is successively ground with finer and finer abrasive media. Silicon carbide abrasive paper was the first method of grinding and is still used today. Many metallographers, however, prefer to use a diamond grit suspension which ...
the chemical composition of the abrasive particles (common abrasives include diamond, cubic boron nitride (CBN), chromium(III) oxide, tungsten carbide, silicon carbide and other ceramics). In synthetic stones, the grit size is related to the mesh size used to select the particles to be included in the abrasive. Sandpaper also uses a similar system.
Silicon carbide powders are commonly used as abrasive materials in various machining processes, including grinding, water-jet cutting, and sandblasting. [6] These powders are effective for fine grinding or rough polishing of semiconductors, ceramics, and ferrous materials. [7]
The abrasive aggregate is selected primarily according to the hardness of the material being cut. Chemical compatibility is also a concern. For example, because carbon alloys with iron, silicon carbide is not suitable for use with iron-based metals like steel. [citation needed] Aluminum oxide (A) Silicon carbide (S) Ceramic (C) Diamond (D, MD, SD)
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