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Selective perception may refer to any number of cognitive biases in psychology related to the way expectations affect perception.Human judgment and decision making is distorted by an array of cognitive, perceptual and motivational biases, and people tend not to recognise their own bias, though they tend to easily recognise (and even overestimate) the operation of bias in human judgment by ...
Selective exposure occurs when individuals search for information and show systematic preferences towards ideas that are consistent, rather than inconsistent, with their beliefs. [10] On the contrary, those who exhibited low levels of confidence were more inclined to examine information that did not agree with their views.
Attention is commonly understood as the ability to select some things while ignoring others. [5] [17] Attention is controllable, selective, and limited.It is the progression by which external stimuli form internal representations that gain conscious awareness.
The following process connects a person's concepts and expectations (or knowledge) with restorative and selective mechanisms, such as attention, that influence perception. Perception depends on complex functions of the nervous system, but subjectively seems mostly effortless because this processing happens outside conscious awareness. [3]
This selective attention allows individuals to prioritize and respond effectively to important or meaningful stimuli in their surroundings. [ 4 ] Researchers in psychology and cognitive science study perceptual vigilance to understand how attentional mechanisms operate and how they can be influenced by internal and external factors.
Fritz Heider discovered Attribution theory during a time when psychologists were furthering research on personality, social psychology, and human motivation. [5] Heider worked alone in his research, but stated that he wished for Attribution theory not to be attributed to him because many different ideas and people were involved in the process. [5]
Research on sensory gating has been primarily occurring in cortical areas where the stimulus is consciously identified because it is a less invasive means of studying sensory gating. Studies on rats also show the brain stem, thalamus, and primary auditory cortex play a role in sensory gating for auditory stimuli.
It is the selective concentration on discrete information, either subjectively or objectively. William James (1890) wrote that "Attention is the taking possession by the mind, in clear and vivid form, of one out of what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought. Focalization, concentration, of consciousness are of its ...