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Ancient Egyptian War Wheels. Ancient Egypt was an ancient civilization of eastern North Africa, concentrated along the northern reaches of the Nile River in Egypt.The civilization coalesced around 3150 BC [1] with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh, and it developed over the next three millennia. [2]
Possible reconstruction of a late Ptolemaic máchimos (around mid–1st century BCE) [1]. The term máchimoi (Greek: μάχιμοι, plural of μάχιμος, máchimos, meaning "pugnacious") commonly refers to a broad category of ancient Egyptian low-ranked soldiers which rose during the Late Period of Egypt (664–332 BCE) and, more prominently, during the Ptolemaic dynasty (323–30 BCE).
'Egyptian soldiers') or Al-Asakir al-Mansoura (Egyptian Arabic: العساكر المنصورة, lit. 'Victorious troops'), was the official armed forces of the Egyptian Mamluk Sultanate. [1] [2] [3] One of the banners of the Egyptian soldiers in the Second Battle of Homs
The array of those early sources includes the two most important chronicles of early Islam, al-Tabari (d. 926) and al-Yaqubi (d. 905); the two best extant books on the Muslim conquests, al-Baladhuri (d. 892) and Ibn al-A tham al-Kufi (d. 926); the most central encyclopedic work of al-Masudi (d.956); and the two best early sources dedicated ...
Small garrisons could prevent minor incursions, but if a large force was detected a message was sent for the main army corps. Most Egyptian cities lacked city walls and other defenses. The first Egyptian soldiers carried a simple armament consisting of a spear with a copper spearhead and a large wooden shield covered by leather hides.
In Ptolemaic Egypt, Roman adventurers and veterans are found commonly serving under the Ptolemies. Romans are found in Ptolemaic service as early as 252/1 BC. The Ptolemaic army was odd in that, out of all the Hellenistic armies, it was the only army where you could find Romans in Greek service.