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In contrast to standard Ethernet according to IEEE 802.3 and Ethernet bridging according to IEEE 802.1Q, time is very important in TSN networks.For real-time communication with hard, non-negotiable time boundaries for end-to-end transmission latencies, all devices in this network need to have a common time reference and therefore, need to synchronize their clocks among each other.
Let chOf be the channel offset, assigned to a given link. The channel offset, chOf, is translated to a frequency f (i.e. a real channel) using: = (+) where ASN is the Absolute Slot Number, i.e. the total number of slots that elapsed since the network was deployed.
Clock synchronization is a topic in computer science and engineering that aims to coordinate otherwise independent clocks.Even when initially set accurately, real clocks will differ after some amount of time due to clock drift, caused by clocks counting time at slightly different rates.
Timing synchronization function (TSF) is specified in IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) standard to fulfill timing synchronization among users. A TSF keeps the timers for all stations in the same basic service set (BSS) synchronized. All stations shall maintain a local TSF timer.
All Microsoft Windows versions since Windows 2000 include the Windows Time service (W32Time), [43] which has the ability to synchronize the computer clock to an NTP server. W32Time was originally implemented for the purpose of the Kerberos version 5 authentication protocol, which required time to be within 5 minutes of the correct value to ...
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The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) is a protocol for clock synchronization throughout a computer network with relatively high precision and therefore potentially high accuracy. . In a local area network (LAN), accuracy can be sub-microsecond – making it suitable for measurement and control systems.
Duplication and security involving more than one master clock, and the existence of some kind of synchronization management protocol, are important features of modern networks. The aim is to minimize the problems associated with signal transport, and to avoid depending on only one clock in case of failure.