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After a bloody massacre and scalping, only seven survived, one woman, and six soldiers who escaped by jumping into the river and swimming to the opposite shore, where friendly Creeks helped them reach safety at Camp Crawford on December 2, 1817. [1]: 66–67 The children were killed by having their heads bashed against the sides of the boat.
Some historians date the start of the First Seminole War to the 1817 attack on this Fowltown, which immediately preceded the Scott Massacre. Also, David Brydie Mitchell, former governor of Georgia and Creek Indian agent at the time, stated in a report to Congress that this attack on Fowltown was the start of the First Seminole War. [3]: 33–37 4.
There is no consensus about the beginning and ending dates for the First Seminole War. The U.S. Army Infantry indicates that it lasted from 1814 until 1819. [81] The U.S. Navy Naval Historical Center gives dates of 1816–1818. [36] Another Army site dates the war as 1817–1818. [82]
The circumstances of exactly how and why Jackson launched first Seminole War were made a campaign issue during the 1824 presidential campaign by Jesse Benton Jr., who shot Jackson in a bar brawl in 1813 as one incident in a much longer relationship between Jackson, Jesse Benton, and Thomas Hart Benton, later a Jacksonian Democratic U.S. Senator ...
The Secretary of War (John C. Calhoun) (February 2, 1819). "Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, pursuant to a Resolution of the House of Representatives, of the 26th Ult. Information in Relation to the Destruction of the Negro Fort of East Florida, in the Month of July, 1816, &c. &c" .
[1]: 131–132 "This is considered the spark that ignited the First Seminole War". [ 1 ] : 133 (Some date the beginning at 1816, at the Negro Fort assault and destruction.) The result of the U.S. Army raids, during which Neamathla was supposed to be captured and flogged, was that Black Seminoles came from some distance away to assist the Red ...
However, the end of the War of 1812 in 1815 meant the fort from which to attack the United States was no longer needed. When withdrawing in 1815, the British deliberately left what was soon called the Negro Fort, with all its weapons and ordnance, in the hands of those disciplined, paid-off Corps of Colonial Marines black troops who chose to remain.
In 1836, while Jesup was still officially Quartermaster General, President Andrew Jackson detached him first to deal with the Creek tribe in Georgia and Alabama, and then to assume command of all U.S. troops in Florida during the Second Seminole War (1835–1842). [2] His capture of Seminole leaders Osceola and Micanopy under a false flag of ...