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The heart is the driver of the circulatory system, pumping blood through rhythmic contraction and relaxation. The rate of blood flow out of the heart (often expressed in L/min) is known as the cardiac output (CO). Blood being pumped out of the heart first enters the aorta, the largest artery of the body.
In vertebrates, the circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the body. [1] [2] It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, that consists of the heart and blood vessels (from Greek kardia meaning heart, and Latin vascula meaning vessels).
Vasodilation plays a major role in immune system function. Wider blood vessels allow more blood containing immune cells and proteins to reach the infection site. Vasodilation occurs as part of the process of inflammation, which is caused by several factors including presence of a pathogen, injury to tissues or blood vessels, and immune ...
Coronary arteries supply blood to the myocardium and other components of the heart. Two coronary arteries originate from the left side of the heart at the beginning (root) left ventricle . There are three aortic sinuses (dilations) in the wall of the aorta just superior to the aortic semilunar valve.
Perfusion is measured as the rate at which blood is delivered to tissue, [2] or volume of blood per unit time (blood flow) per unit tissue mass. The SI unit is m 3 /(s·kg) [citation needed], although for human organs perfusion is typically reported in ml/min/g. [3] The word is derived from the French verb perfuser, meaning to "pour over or ...
Given the proposed manner of action of the muscle pump to increase arterial blood flow, it would seem impossible for a muscle contraction and skeletal muscle hyperemia to be uncoupled. Another experiment recently was only able to find evidence that vasodilation , not the skeletal muscle pump, was responsible for maintaining proper pressure and ...
A blood volume increase would cause a shift along the line to the right, which increases left ventricular end diastolic volume (x axis), and therefore also increases stroke volume (y axis). The Frank–Starling law of the heart (also known as Starling's law and the Frank–Starling mechanism ) represents the relationship between stroke volume ...
Flexion and extension are movements that affect the angle between two parts of the body. These terms come from the Latin words with the same meaning. [a] Flexion is a bending movement that decreases the angle between a segment and its proximal segment. [9] For example, bending the elbow, or clenching a hand into a fist, are examples of flexion ...