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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), formerly known as Steno-Fallot tetralogy, [9] is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific cardiac defects. [4] Classically, the four defects are: [ 4 ] pulmonary stenosis , which is narrowing of the exit from the right ventricle;
The Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt (BTT shunt), [1] previously known as the Blalock–Taussig Shunt (BT shunt), [2] is a surgical procedure used to increase blood flow to the lungs in some forms of congenital heart disease [3] such as pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot, which are common causes of blue baby syndrome. [3]
Mutations in the gene for one of the notch ligands, Jagged1, are identified in the majority of examined cases of arteriohepatic dysplasia (Alagille syndrome), characterized by defects of the great vessels (pulmonary artery stenosis), heart (tetralogy of Fallot in 13% of cases), liver, eyes, face, and
Eileen Saxon, sometimes referred to as "The Blue Baby", was the first patient that received the operation now known as Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt.. She had a condition called Tetralogy of Fallot, one of the primary congenital defects that lead to blue baby syndrome.
Tetralogy of Fallot is actually the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart defects, accounting for about 50-70%, as well as about 10% of all congenital heart defects in general. Now, it’s not quite clear why some babies develop TOF but it is associated with chromosome 22 deletions and DiGeorge syndrome.
The most typical form of APVS is a tetralogy of Fallot variant, [4] however, case studies have linked APVS to several different congenital cardiac syndromes, such as agenesis of ductus arteriosus, [5] persistent ductus arteriosus, [6] atrioventricular septal defect, [7] pulmonary branching abnormalities, [8] [9] transposition of the great arteries, [10] and type B interrupted aortic arch. [11]
Smith–Martin–Dodd syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder first described by Smith et al. in 1994. [1] It is characterized by small eyes, a diaphragmatic hernia, and Tetralogy of Fallot, a congenital heart defect.
Helen Brooke Taussig (May 24, 1898 – May 20, 1986) was an American cardiologist, working in Baltimore and Boston, who founded the field of pediatric cardiology.She is credited with developing the concept for a procedure that would extend the lives of children born with Tetralogy of Fallot (the most common cause of blue baby syndrome).